美国加州PsiQuantum公司团队实现了一种可制造的光子量子计算平台。相关论文于2025年2月26日发表在《自然》杂志上。

虽然光子量子计算在低噪声、易于操作和网络方面有着巨大的前景，但由于需要数百万人制造的超先进组件，实用的光子量子计算被排除在外。

研究组介绍了一种可制造的光子量子计算平台。对一组基于单片集成硅光子学的模块进行基准测试，以生成、操纵、网络化和检测预示的光子量子比特，展示了具有99.98%±0.01%状态准备和测量保真度的双轨光子量子比特、具有99.50%±0.25%可见度的独立光子源之间的Hong Ou-Mandel量子干涉、具有99.22%±0.12%保真度的双量子比特融合以及具有99.72%±0.04%保真度的芯片到芯片量子比特互连，条件是光子检测且不考虑损失。

研究组预见了一系列下一代技术，即低损耗氮化硅波导和解决损耗的组件，以及制造容错光子源、高效光子数分辨探测器、低损耗芯片到光纤耦合和用于高性能快速开关的钛酸钡电光移相器。

附：英文原文

Title: A manufacturable platform for photonic quantum computing

Author: Mark G. Thompson.

Issue&Volume: 2025-02-26

Abstract: Whilst holding great promise for low noise, ease of operation and networking [1], useful photonic quantum computing has been precluded by the need for beyond-state-of-the-art components, manufactured by the millions [2–6]. Here we introduce a manufacturable platform [7] for quantum computing with photons. We benchmark a set of monolithically-integrated silicon photonics-based modules to generate, manipulate, network, and detect heralded photonic qubits, demonstrating dual-rail photonic qubits with 99.98% ± 0.01% state preparation and measurement fidelity, Hong-Ou-Mandel quantum interference between independent photon sources with 99.50% ± 0.25% visibility, two-qubit fusion with 99.22% ± 0.12% fidelity, and a chip-to-chip qubit interconnect with 99.72% ± 0.04% fidelity, conditional on photon detection and not accounting for loss. We preview a selection of next-generation technologies—low-loss silicon nitride waveguides and components to address loss, as well as fabrication-tolerant photon sources, high-efficiency photon-number-resolving detectors, low-loss chip-to-fiber coupling, and barium titanate electro-optic phase shifters for high-performance fast switching.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-025-08820-7

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-08820-7