中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院孟宪红团队在最新研究中，黄河源区土壤水分对降水的响应。2025年1月20日出版的《大气科学进展》发表了这项成果。

黄河干流区具有半湿润至半干旱的气候特征，是了解黄河干流动态的关键。降水是补充地表水和平衡生态系统水循环的关键。

然而，由于长期数据有限，土壤水分对跨气候带和土层降水的响应仍然知之甚少。本研究利用SRYR、玛曲、玛多、恩戈林湖站点和玛曲监测网（MMN）的主题数据，以及CN0.51降水和GLEAM v3.8a土壤水分数据，研究了土壤水分对降水的多时间尺度响应。

结果表明，与半干旱区相比，半湿润区需要更多的降水来触发土壤水分响应。玛曲、MMN、恩哥林湖和玛多站点的表层土壤，分别至少需要8.6 mm、8.4 mm、5.2 mm和2.84 mm的降水才能有效补给。半湿润地区40cm及以上土层对降水事件的响应显著，半干旱区20cm及以上土层对降水事件的响应显著。

降水量是影响土壤湿度的主要因素，影响最大湿度的增量和滞后时间。降水强度和雨前湿度无直接影响。在SRYR中部，累积降水的影响较大。根区土壤湿度与降水的相关性较弱，但持续时间较长，可达10天，而表层土壤湿度响应较迅速，但仅持续5天左右。

附：英文原文

Title: The response of soil moisture to precipitation in the source region of the Yellow River

Author: Xinyi Gu, Xianhong Meng, Yuanyuan Ma, Xianyu Yang, Zhaoguo Li, Lunyu Shang, Shaoying Wang, Mingshan Deng

Issue&Volume: 2025-01-20

Abstract: The source region of the Yellow River (SRYR), with its semi-humid to semi-arid climate, is crucial for understanding water resource dynamics. Precipitation is key for replenishing surface water and balancing the ecosystem's water cycle. However, the soil moisture response to precipitation across climate zones and soil layers remains poor understood due to limited long-term data. This study examines the response of soil moisture to precipitation at multiple time scales in the SRYR, using data from Maqu, Mado, Ngoring Lake sites, and the Maqu monitoring network (MMN), along with CN0.51 precipitation and GLEAM v3.8a soil moisture data. Results show that semi-humid area require more precipitation to trigger soil moisture responses compared to semi-arid area in the SRYR. Surface soil at Maqu, MMN, Ngoring Lake, and Mado sites require at least 8.6 mm, 8.4 mm, 5.2 mm, and 2.84 mm of precipitation, respectively, for effective replenishment. Significant responses to precipitation events were observed in soil layers at 40 cm and above in the semi-humid area, while at 20 cm and above in the semi-arid area. Precipitation volume is the primary factor influencing soil moisture, affecting both the increment and time lag to maximum moisture. Precipitation intensity and pre-rain moisture have no direct effect. In the central SRYR, accumulated precipitation has a greater impact. Root-zone soil moisture has a weaker correlation with precipitation compared to surface soil moisture but persists longer, responding for up to 10 days, while surface soil moisture responds more immediately but only lasts about 5 days.

DOI: 10.1007/s00376-025-4352-6

Source: http://www.iapjournals.ac.cn/aas/en/article/doi/10.1007/s00376-025-4352-6viewType=HTML