中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院李宗省团队在最新研究中，报道了三江源地区的土壤有机碳、全氮空间格局及控制因素。相关论文于2025年1月14日发表于《中国地理科学》杂志上。

据介绍，高山生态系统具有巨大的固碳潜力。土壤有机碳（SOC）和全氮（TN）对气候变化高度敏感，其动态变化对揭示气候变化对生态系统结构、功能和服务的影响至关重要。然而，在这一独特的生态系统中，土壤有机碳和全氮在不同土层和植被类型中的空间分布及其控制因素难以界定。

在这里，研究人员从中国三江源头地区（TRHR）收集了89个地点的256份土壤样品，以调查土壤有机碳和土壤碳，并探索影响其分布的主要因素，包括土壤、植被、气候和地理因素。结果表明：0-20、20-40、40-60和60-80cm土层的土壤有机碳和全氮含量分别为24.40、18.03、14.04、12.40g/kg和2.46、1.90、1.51、1.17g/kg；与TRHR的西北部相比，东南部观测到的浓度更高。

单因素方差分析表明，0-60cm的土层中，高山草甸和高山灌丛土壤有机碳和全氮含量明显高于高山草原。结构方程模型揭示了土壤含水量是影响有机碳和全氮变化的主要控制因素。

此外，地理、气候和植被因子通过土壤因子对有机碳和全氮的间接影响显著。研究结果强调，通过植被恢复、土壤改良和放牧管理可以有效改善土壤水分和养分状况，建立监测网络可以充分了解土壤有机碳和全氮的变化，以更好地保护土壤碳氮。

附：英文原文

Title: Spatial Patterns and Controlling Factors of Soil Organic Carbon and Total Nitrogen in the Three River Headwaters Region, China

Author: Cui, Qiao, Li, Zongxing, Feng, Qi, Zhang, Baijuan, Zhao, Yue

Issue&Volume: 2025-01-14

Abstract: The alpine ecosystem has great potential for carbon sequestration. Soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) are highly sensitive to climate change, and their dynamics are crucial to revealing the effect of climate change on the structure, function, and services of the ecosystem. However, the spatial distribution and controlling factors of SOC and TN across various soil layers and vegetation types within this unique ecosystem remain inadequately understood. In this study, 256 soil samples in 89 sites were collected from the Three River Headwaters Region (TRHR) in China to investigate SOC and TN and to explore the primary factors affecting their distribution, including soil, vegetation, climate, and geography factors. The results show that SOC and TN contents in 0–20, 20–40, 40–60, and 60–80 cm soil layers are 24.40, 18.03, 14.04, 12.40 g/kg and 2.46, 1.90, 1.51, 1.17 g/kg, respectively; with higher concentrations observed in the southeastern region compared to the northwest of the TRHR. One-way analysis of variance reveals that SOC and TN levels are elevated in the alpine meadow and the alpine shrub relative to the alpine steppe in the 0–60 cm soil layers. The structural equation model explores that soil water content is the main controlling factor affecting the variation of SOC and TN. Moreover, the geography, climate, and vegetation factors notably indirectly affect SOC and TN through soil factors. Therefore, it can effectively improve soil water and nutrient conditions through vegetation restoration, soil improvement, and grazing management, and the change of SOC and TN can be fully understood by establishing monitoring networks to better protect soil carbon and nitrogen.

DOI: 10.1007/s11769-024-1479-9

Source: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11769-024-1479-9