斯坦福大学Pascal Geldsetzer课题组取得一项新突破。他们的最新研究提出了在痴呆病程的不同阶段接种带状疱疹疫苗的效果。这一研究成果发表在2025年12月2日出版的国际学术期刊《细胞》上。

利用自然实验，研究人员以前报道过减毒带状疱疹（HZ）疫苗接种似乎可以预防或延迟威尔士和澳大利亚的痴呆症诊断。该研究组发现，HZ疫苗接种还可以减少轻度认知障碍的诊断，并在患有痴呆症的患者中减少因痴呆症导致的死亡。探索性分析表明，这种影响不是由特定的痴呆类型驱动的。他们的方法利用了这样一个事实，即在威尔士HZ疫苗接种计划开始日期之后度过80岁生日的个人有资格接种疫苗1年，而那些在80岁生日之前度过的人则没有资格并且仍然没有资格终身接种疫苗。他们的自然实验的关键优势在于，除了年龄上的微小差异外，这些对照组在所有特征上都应该是相似的。他们的研究结果表明，减毒HZ疫苗可以预防或延缓轻度认知障碍和痴呆症，并减缓已经患有痴呆症的人的疾病发展。

附：英文原文

Title: The effect of shingles vaccination at different stages of the dementia disease course

Author: Min Xie, Markus Eyting, Christian Bommer, Haroon Ahmed, Pascal Geldsetzer

Issue&Volume: 2025-12-02

Abstract: Using natural experiments, we have previously reported that live-attenuated herpes zoster (HZ) vaccination appears to have prevented or delayed dementia diagnoses in both Wales and Australia. Here, we find that HZ vaccination also reduces mild cognitive impairment diagnoses and, among patients living with dementia, deaths due to dementia. Exploratory analyses suggest that the effects are not driven by a specific dementia type. Our approach takes advantage of the fact that individuals who had their eightieth birthday just after the start date of the HZ vaccination program in Wales were eligible for the vaccine for 1 year, whereas those who had their eightieth birthday just before were ineligible and remained ineligible for life. The key strength of our natural experiments is that these comparison groups should be similar in all characteristics except for a minute difference in age. Our findings suggest that live-attenuated HZ vaccination prevents or delays mild cognitive impairment and dementia and slows the disease course among those already living with dementia.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2025.11.007

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/abstract/S0092-8674(25)01256-5