首都医科大学刘亚欧与北京师范大学左西年团队的一项最新研究绘制国际健康和神经系统人群的脑形态学。这一研究成果于2025年12月29日发表在国际顶尖学术期刊《自然—神经科学》上。

在这里，小组报告了来自105个地点的24061名健康志愿者的脑规范参考主题形态学成像扫描，揭示了寿命神经发育里程碑的高峰年龄（1.2-8.9岁）比欧洲/北美人群晚。研究小组对3932名不同神经系统疾病患者的个体脑偏差评分进行建模，以评估以机器学习为主题的脑健康评估方法的三个关键方面：估计疾病倾向，预测认知和身体结果，评估不同残疾进展的治疗效果。在这些评估中，标准偏差得分优于原始结构测量。中国特有的规范脑参考文献可以促进神经系统疾病的个性化诊断和预后，使临床适用的脑健康评估成为可能。

据悉，量化个体脑形态学偏离规范参考是理解神经多样性和促进大脑健康个性化管理的主题。

附：英文原文

Title: Charting brain morphology in international healthy and neurological populations

Author: Zhuo, Zhizheng, Chai, Li, Wang, Yinshan, Gao, Peng, Xu, Xiaolu, Ai, Liping, Ao, Feng, Bai, Yalin, Bai, Yutong, Cole, James H., Bao, Haihua, Cai, Qing, Cao, Jiancang, Chen, Feiyan, Chen, Feng, Chen, Kun, Chen, Yaojing, Cheng, Dan, Cui, Zaixu, Dai, Hui, Deng, Demao, Du, Yuhui, Fan, Guoguang, Fu, Ying, Gao, Zheqi, Gou, Lubin, Guo, Chunjie, Guo, Min, Guo, Ya, Han, Xuemei, He, Hongjian, Hou, Yang, Hu, Basheng, Hu, Jianping, Huang, Chu-Chung, Huang, Peiyu, Lei, Junqiang, Li, Hui-Jie, Li, Jianrui, Li, Junlin, Li, Kexuan, Li, Shaowu, Li, Wenling, Li, Xinyu, Li, Yang, Li, Yao, Li, Yongmei, Li, Yuna, Li, Yunfei, Liang, Peipeng, Liao, Haiyan, Lin, Ching-Po, Liu, Jun, Liu, Jungang, Liu, Weiqi, Liu, Ying, Lu, Shanshan, Luo, Jie, Luo, Yuqi, Lui, Su, Ma, Hailin, Mao, Ning, Meng, Lanxi, Meng, Linghui, Qian, Yinfeng, Qiu, Jun, Rong, Mengjie, Shao, Juwei, Shen, Qin, Shi, Yulu, Shu, Zhenyu

Issue&Volume: 2025-12-29

Abstract: Quantifying individual deviations in brain morphology from normative references is useful for understanding neurodiversity and facilitating personalized management of brain health. Here we report Chinese brain normative references using morphological imaging scans of 24,061 healthy volunteers from 105 sites, revealing later peak ages of lifespan neurodevelopmental milestones (1.2–8.9 years) than European/North American populations. We model individual brain deviation scores in 3,932 individuals with different neurological disorders from population references to evaluate three key aspects of brain health assessment using machine learning approaches: estimating disease propensity, predicting cognitive and physical outcomes and assessing treatment effects with distinct disability progression. The norm-deviation scores outperformed raw structural measures in these evaluations. Chinese-specific normative brain references may foster personalized diagnosis and prognosis in neurological diseases, enabling clinically applicable assessments of brain health.

DOI: 10.1038/s41593-025-02144-5

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-025-02144-5