该研究团队在创始作物大麦（Hordeum vulgare）中发现，休眠主要是通过包含拷贝数变异和丝裂原活化蛋白激酶激酶3 （MKK3）固有激酶活性的局部单倍型拼接来调节的。研究人员提供了证据支持特定的MKK3单倍型的历史选择，这些单倍型根据不断变化的气候压力塑造休眠水平，并概述了育种者平衡谷物休眠和PHS-避免的遗传框架。
据了解，人类对谷物性状（如休眠）的选择塑造了作物的发育轨迹。在谷类作物中，休眠时间的缩短提供了收获后的快速发芽，但增加了天气引起的收获前发芽（PHS）的风险，每年的收获损失超过10亿美元。他们对谷物休眠多样化产生的方式、原因、时间和地点的理解是零碎的。
附：英文原文
Title: Postdomestication selection of MKK3 shaped seed dormancy and end-use traits in barley
Author: Morten E. Jrgensen, Dominique Vequaud, Yucheng Wang, Christian B. Andersen, Micha Bayer, Amanda Box, Katarzyna B. Braune, Yuanyang Cai, Fahu Chen, Jose A. Cuesta-Seijo, Haoran Dong, Geoffrey B. Fincher, Zoran Gojkovic, Zihao Huang, Benjamin Jaegle, Sandip M. Kale, Flavia Krsticevic, Pierre-Marie Le Roux, Antoine Lozier, Qiongxian Lu, Martin Mascher, Emiko Murozuka, Shingo Nakamura, Martin Ude Simmelsgaard, Pai R. Pedas, Pierre A. Pin, Dagmara Podzimska-Sroka, Kazuhiro Sato, Manuel Spannagl, Magnus W. Rasmussen, Joanne Russell, Miriam Schreiber, Hanne C. Thomsen, Nina W. Thomsen, Sophia Tulloch, Cynthia Voss, Birgitte Skadhauge, Nils Stein, Eske Willerslev, Robbie Waugh, Christoph Dockter
Issue&Volume: 2025-11-06
Abstract: Anthropogenic selection of grain traits such as dormancy has shaped the developmental trajectories of crops. In cereals, shortening dormancy provides rapid and even post-harvest germination, but increases the risk of weather-induced pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) with yearly harvest losses beyond 1 billion USD. Our understanding of how, why, when and where cereal dormancy diversification arose is fragmentary. Here, we show in the founder crop barley (Hordeum vulgare) that dormancy is primarily regulated through a mosaic of locus haplotypes comprising copy-number variation and inherent kinase activity of Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3 (MKK3). We provide evidence supporting the historical selection of specific MKK3 haplotypes that shape dormancy levels according to changing climatic pressures and outline a genetic framework for breeders to balance grain dormancy and PHS-avoidance.
DOI: adx2022
Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adx2022