美国麻省理工学院Deblina Sarkar研究团队提出了一种通过细胞-电子混合实现局灶性神经调控的非手术脑植入物。这一研究成果发表在2025年11月5日出版的国际学术期刊《自然—生物技术》上。

为了提供一种无创的替代方案，研究人员报告了由免疫细胞-电子混合物组成的非手术植入物，研究人员称之为循环电子。这种装置可以通过静脉注射，并自动输送到大脑的炎症区域，在那里植入并实现神经调节，从而避免了手术的需要。为了实现合适的电子器件，课题组人员设计并制造了亚细胞大小的无线光伏电子器件，以高功率转换效率收集光能。在小鼠实验中，课题组人员通过将单核细胞作为细胞，将其共价连接到亚细胞大小的无线光伏电子设备上，并静脉注射产生的杂交体，在炎症脑区进行非手术植入，作为几种神经疾病的治疗靶点。研究组还演示了在炎症区域周围进行30 μm精度的神经刺激。通过将电子功能与活细胞的生物运输和靶向能力结合起来，这项技术可以为自主植入生物电子学奠定基础。

研究人员表示，用于脑部刺激的生物电子植入物以治疗脑部疾病为主题，但需要进行侵入性手术。

附：英文原文

Title: A nonsurgical brain implant enabled through a cell–electronics hybrid for focal neuromodulation

Author: Yadav, Shubham, Lee, Ray X., Kajale, Shivam N., Joy, Baju, Saha, Monochura, Patel, Preet, Bull, Loey, Cao, Sarah, Mitragotri, Samir, Bono, David, Sarkar, Deblina

Issue&Volume: 2025-11-05

Abstract: Bioelectronic implants for brain stimulation are used to treat brain disorders but require invasive surgery. To provide a noninvasive alternative, we report nonsurgical implants consisting of immune cell–electronics hybrids, an approach we call Circulatronics. The devices can be delivered intravenously and traffic autonomously to regions of inflammation in the brain, where they implant and enable neuromodulation, circumventing the need for surgery. To achieve suitable electronics, we designed and built subcellular-sized, wireless, photovoltaic electronic devices that harvest optical energy with high power conversion efficiency. In mice, we demonstrate nonsurgical implantation in an inflamed brain region, as an example of therapeutic target for several neural diseases, by employing monocytes as cells, covalently attaching them to the subcellular-sized, wireless, photovoltaic electronic devices and administering the resulting hybrids intravenously. We also demonstrate neural stimulation with 30-μm precision around the inflamed region. Thus, by fusing electronic functionality with the biological transport and targeting capabilities of living cells, this technology can form the foundation for autonomously implanting bioelectronics.

DOI: 10.1038/s41587-025-02809-3

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41587-025-02809-3