近日，英国伦敦国王学院Biswajit Sahoo团队研究了全阶经典电磁软定理。2025年11月5日出版的《高能物理杂志》发表了这项成果。

如果一组带电物体在太空中碰撞，碎片分散，那么这个过程就会发射电磁波。经典软光子定理仅根据入射和出射物体的动量和电荷确定了后期和早期波形的常数项和主导幂律衰减。

研究组确定了波形后期和早期时间展开式中的无限组子导项，它们也只依赖于入射和出射粒子的动量和电荷。对于两粒子散射，研究组得到了恢复的低频电磁波波形，以及恢复的早期和晚期波形。在这个分析中，研究组忽略了远距离引力相互作用的影响，但它们的结果不受物体之间任何其他短程相互作用的影响。

附：英文原文

Title: All order classical electromagnetic soft theorems

Author: Karan, Debanjan, Khatun, Babli, Sahoo, Biswajit, Sen, Ashoke

Issue&Volume: 2025-11-05

Abstract: If a set of charged objects collide in space and the fragments disperse, then this process will emit electromagnetic waves. Classical soft photon theorem determines the constant term and the leading power law fall-off of the wave-form at late and early times in terms of only the momenta and charges of the incoming and outgoing objects. In this paper we determine an infinite set of subleading terms in the late and early time expansion of the wave-form, which also depend only on the momenta and charges of the incoming and outgoing particles. For two-particle scattering, we derive a resummed low-frequency electromagnetic wave-form, as well as the resummed wave-form at early and late times. In this analysis we ignore the effect of long range gravitational interaction, but our result is unaffected by any other short range interactions among the objects.

DOI: 10.1007/JHEP11(2025)025

Source: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/JHEP11(2025)025