近日，大连理工大学于长水团队研究了N维量子系统可达到的量子速度极限。该研究于2025年11月4日发表在《物理评论A》杂志上。

量子速度极限（QSL）是量子力学中的一个基本概念，它提供了演化时间的下界。QSL的可得性，在很大程度上取决于对QSL的理解，是一个长期存在的开放性问题，特别是对于高维系统。

研究组通过基于新提出的状态距离建立一个既适用于开放量子系统又适用于封闭量子系统的QSL来解决这个问题。结果表明，给定某一有限维上的任意初始状态，总能找到幺正和非幺正动力学在相应维上的QSL界，并且对于任意给定的幺正演化的哈密顿量，总存在一对状态，并得到该界。作为应用程序，研究组演示了通过各种物理设置获得的QSL时间，并将进一步阐明QSL问题。

附：英文原文

Title: Attainable quantum speed limit for N-dimensional quantum systems

Author: Zi-yi Mai, Chang-shui Yu

Issue&Volume: 2025/11/04

Abstract: The quantum speed limit (QSL) is a fundamental concept in quantum mechanics, providing a lower bound on the evolution time. The attainability of the QSL, which greatly depends on the understanding of the QSL, is a long-standing open problem, especially for high-dimensional systems. In this paper, we solve this problem by establishing a QSL suitable and attainable for both open and closed quantum systems based on a new proposed state distance. It is shown that, given any initial state in a certain finite dimension, unitary and nonunitary dynamics can always be found to attain our QSL bound in the corresponding dimension, and for any given Hamiltonian for a unitary evolution a pair of states always exists, attaining the bound. As applications, we demonstrate the QSL time attained by various physical settings. This paper will shed light on the QSL problems.

DOI: 10.1103/9xmb-dmlw

Source: https://journals.aps.org/pra/abstract/10.1103/9xmb-dmlw