近日，北京大学杨世和团队研究了高稳定性全印刷碳电极钙钛矿太阳能组件的蒸汽辅助表面处理。2025年11月3日出版的《自然—光子学》杂志发表了这项成果。
钙钛矿太阳能组件（PSMs）的运行稳定性逊于小尺寸器件，这对其推进实际应用构成关键挑战。可印刷碳电极具有高稳定性和成本效益，作为全印刷钙钛矿太阳能组件的背接触电极时，被视为解决稳定性问题的有效策略。然而，碳电极组件的功率转换效率（PCE）仍落后于金属电极组件。
研究组开发了一种基于小尺寸低沸点分子的可规模化气相后处理工艺，该工艺能有效抑制非辐射复合并促进电荷提取。他们成功制备出活性面积约50 cm2的全印刷碳电极组件，其光电转换效率达到20.41%（认证效率19.26%）。该策略显著提升了组件稳定性：在65°C、1个标准太阳光照射条件下，组件于最大功率点持续运行1,020小时后效率衰减可忽略不计；未封装的碳电极组件在85°C/85%相对湿度的双85湿热测试中，经历2280小时后仍能保持84%以上的初始效率。该处理策略将有力推动碳电极钙钛矿太阳能组件向商业化方向发展。
附：英文原文
Title: Vapour-assisted surface treatment for highly stable fully printed carbon-electrode perovskite solar modules
Author: Wei, Xiaozhen, Zhang, Kai, Chen, Haining, Zhong, Weibiao, Lin, Qifeng, Huang, Xianzhen, Lv, Chunyu, Du, Yujiang, Liu, Huicong, Hai, Guangtong, Zhu, Cheng, Li, Weiping, Bai, Yang, Yang, Shihe
Issue&Volume: 2025-11-03
Abstract: The operational stability of perovskite solar modules (PSMs) is inferior to that of smaller-sized devices, posing a critical challenge to advance their practical applications. Printable carbon electrodes are highly stable and cost-effective, representing a promising strategy to address the stability issue when used as rear contacts in fully printable PSMs. However, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of carbon-electrode PSMs still lags behind their metal-electrode counterparts. Here we develop a scalable vapour post-treatment process based on molecules with small sizes and low boiling point that effectively minimize non-radiative recombination and facilitate charge extraction. We demonstrate fully printed carbon-electrode PSMs with about 50cm2 of active area and a PCE of 20.41% (19.26% certified). Our strategy significantly improves the stability of modules, with negligible PCE decay after tracking at the maximum power point for 1,020h under 1-sun illumination at 65°C. The unencapsulated carbon-electrode PSMs retain over 84% of the initial PCE under the damp heat test (85°C and 85% relative humidity) for 2,280h. We believe our treatment strategy will sustain the development of carbon-electrode PSMs towards commercial upscaling.
DOI: 10.1038/s41566-025-01790-2
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41566-025-01790-2