近日，中国科学技术大学潘建伟团队研究了超导量子处理器上的可编程高阶非平衡拓扑相。相关论文于2025年11月27日发表在《科学》杂志上。

物质的拓扑相态在基础研究和应用领域均具有重要意义。

研究组利用二维可编程超导量子处理器实现了平衡态与非平衡态的高阶拓扑相。通过在6×6量子比特阵列上构建包含>50个Floquet算符周期的量子电路，实现了非平衡态高阶拓扑相的量子编程。此外，研究组提出了一种普适方法，通过测量手性密度动力学来识别非平衡态高阶拓扑特征，包括Floquet角态拓扑不变量和π能量拓扑角模。该工作展示了可编程量子处理器在探索奇异非平衡高阶拓扑相态中的应用潜力。

附：英文原文

Title: Programmable higher-order nonequilibrium topological phases on a superconducting quantum processor

Author: Haoran Qian, Ming Gong, Jiahui Zhang, Shaojun Guo, Chen Zha, Fusheng Chen, Yangsen Ye, Yulin Wu, Sirui Cao, Chong Ying, Qingling Zhu, He-Liang Huang, Youwei Zhao, ShaoWei Li, Jiale Yu, Daojin Fan, Dachao Wu, Hong Su, Hui Deng, Hao Rong, Yuan Li, Kaili Zhang, Tung-Hsun Chung, Futian Liang, Jin Lin, Yu Xu, Cheng Guo, Na Li, Kai Yan, Fei-Fan Su, Gang Wu, Yong-Heng Huo, Cheng-Zhi Peng, Chao-Yang Lu, Feng Mei, Suotang Jia, Xiaobo Zhu, Jian-Wei Pan

Issue&Volume: 2025-11-27

Abstract: Topological phases of matter are of both fundamental and practical interest. In this study, we implemented both equilibrium and nonequilibrium higher-order topological phases using a two-dimensional programmable superconducting quantum processor. Quantum programming of nonequilibrium higher-order topological phases was achieved by constructing quantum circuits comprising >50 cycles of Floquet operators on a six-by-six qubit array. Additionally, we introduce a universal approach based on measuring the dynamics of chiral density to identify distinct nonequilibrium higher-order topological features, including Floquet corner topological invariants and π-energy topological corner modes. Our work may enable the use of programmable quantum processors to explore exotic higher-order nonequilibrium topological phases of matter.

DOI: adp6802

Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adp6802