近日，法国ALomax科学公司的Anthony Lomax团队报道了2025年圣托里尼异常活动：触发地震活动的岩浆岩脉入侵反弹。相关论文发表在2025年11月20日出版的《科学》杂志上。

岩浆侵入地壳可能引发危险的火山喷发，但其中涉及的物理过程大多难以直接观测。

研究组利用机器学习推导出的地震活动作为深部的“虚拟应力计”，研究了2025年发生于希腊锡拉火山与1956年摧毁性的矩震级7.7级阿摩尔戈斯地震震源区之间的剧烈地震-形变异常事件。研究表明，此次异常活动的成因是岩浆岩墙的扩展过程——研究组通过持续两个月中发生的约25,000次重定位地震对其进行了成像。

该岩墙以多尺度反弹波的形式（伴随岩墙张开、岩浆压力变化和屏障破裂）水平延伸约30千米，并激发了周边密集的地震活动。我们的结果表明，岩浆侵入是一个比以往认知更为复杂的反馈过程，这一认识将推动基于物理机制与数据驱动的建模及喷发预测研究。

附：英文原文

Title: The 2025 Santorini unrest unveiled: Rebounding magmatic dike intrusion with triggered seismicity

Author: Anthony Lomax, Vasilis Anagnostou, Vasileios Karakostas, Stephen P. Hicks, Eleftheria Papadimitriou

Issue&Volume: 2025-11-20

Abstract: Magmatic intrusion in Earth’s crust can lead to hazardous volcanic eruptions, but the physical processes involved remain largely hidden from direct observation. We used machine learning–derived seismicity as virtual stress meters at depth to study the disruptive 2025 seismogeodetic unrest in Greece between the Santorini volcano and the epicenter of the devastating moment magnitude 7.7 Amorgos earthquake that occurred in 1956. We show that the cause of unrest was magmatic dike propagation, which we imaged with ~25,000 relocated earthquakes occurring over 2 months. The dike propagated horizontally ~30 kilometers as multiscale rebounding waves of dike opening, magma pressure, and breaking of barriers while triggering intense surrounding seismicity. Our results establish magmatic intrusion as a more complex feedback process than previously recognized and can facilitate physics-based and data-driven modeling and eruption forecasting.

DOI: adz8538

Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adz8538