近日，意大利比萨大学Mateusz Duch团队报道了宇宙CP破缺引起的重子生成。相关论文于2025年11月18日发表在《高能物理杂志》上。

研究组表明，重子生成可能源于调控CP破坏参数（如标准模型的汤川耦合与θ项）的标量场在宇宙演化过程中的动力学行为。在大爆炸期间，该标量场可能达到CP破坏的最小值态，其质量可与暴胀时期的哈勃尺度相媲美。这种动力学行为可能出现在两种理论框架中：其一是具有自发破缺的定域U(1)对称性理论，其二是具有模不变性的理论。后者作为有效场论自然涌现，揭示了环状弦紧致化中CP破坏现象的几何起源。模重子生成理论与解决强CP问题的模方法具有兼容性。

附：英文原文

Title: Baryogenesis from cosmological CP breaking

Author: Duch, Mateusz, Strumia, Alessandro, Titov, Arsenii

Issue&Volume: 2025-11-18

Abstract: We show that baryogenesis can arise from the cosmological evolution of a scalar field that governs CP-violating parameters, such as the Yukawa couplings and the theta terms of the Standard Model. During the big bang, this scalar may reach a CP-violating minimum, where its mass can be comparable to the inflationary Hubble scale. Such dynamics can emerge in theories featuring either a spontaneously broken local U(1) symmetry or modular invariance. The latter arises naturally as the effective field theory capturing the geometric origin of CP violation in toroidal string compactifications. Modular baryogenesis is compatible with the modular approach to resolving the strong CP problem.

DOI: 10.1007/JHEP11(2025)109

Source: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/JHEP11(2025)109