近日，浙江大学谢涛团队报道了无溶剂和无催化剂的废聚氨酯泡沫生物转化为高性能3D打印树脂。2025年11月17日，《国家科学评论》杂志发表了这一成果。

热固性聚氨酯泡沫塑料（PUF）的报废处理是一个几十年来一直没有解决的环境挑战。由于使用复杂的多步骤过程和催化剂/溶剂，目前的化学回收策略在经济上难以实施。

研究组报告了一步升级回收策略，将PUF废物转化为3D光打印树脂，而无需主题化任何催化剂或溶剂。他们的工艺采用生物基衣康酸作为单一试剂，不仅可以将PUF降解成碎片，还可以原位生成光固化的乙烯基端基。加入额外的生物基单体（甲基丙烯酸四氢呋喃酯和l -赖氨酸二异氰酸酯）可以形成光敏树脂。

相应的3D光打印聚合物完全由PUF废料和生物单体（不包括光引发剂）制成，相对于其他商业3D光打印聚合物具有优异的机械性能（拉伸强度：26.3 MPa，韧性：16.2 MJ m^-3）。他们仅使用生物衍生试剂对聚合物废物进行升级回收的简单过程，为聚合物材料的可持续发展指明了一个有前景的方向。

附：英文原文

Title: Solvent- and catalyst-free bio-conversion of waste polyurethane foams into high-performance 3D printing resin

Author: Zhang, Xiaoyu, Pu, Xingqun, Xia, Lianlian, Peng, Wenjun, Ji, Ying, Xu, Jieyang, Wu, Jingjun, Jiang, Long, Zhao, Qian, Fang, Zizheng, Xie, Tao

Issue&Volume: 2025-11-17

Abstract: The end-of-life treatment of thermoset polyurethane foams (PUF) is an environmental challenge that has remained unresolved for decades. Current chemical recycling strategies are economically prohibitive to implement due to the complex multi-step process and use of catalyst/solvent. Here, we report a one-step upcycling strategy that transforms PUF waste into 3D photo-printing resins without using any catalyst or solvent. Our process employs bio-based itaconic acid as a single reagent that not only degrades PUF into fragments but also generates photocurable vinyl end-groups in situ. Incorporation of additional bio-based monomers (tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate and L-lysine diisocyanate) allows formulating a photo-sensitive resin. The corresponding 3D photo-printed polymer, made entirely from the PUF waste and bio-monomers (excluding the photo-initiator), exhibits exceptional mechanical performance (tensile strength: 26.3 MPa, toughness: 16.2 MJ m3) relative to other commercial 3D photo-printed polymers. Our simple process that upcycles polymer wastes using solely bio-derived reagents points to a promising direction towards sustainable development of polymer materials.

DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwaf501

Source: https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwaf501