近日，韩国极地研究所（KOPRI）Yeongcheol Han团队报道了利用极地冰芯中的次年钚²³⁹沉降物追踪平流层运输。相关论文于2025年10月17日发表在《科学进展》杂志上。

极地冰芯完整保存了历史大气传输的高分辨率记录，为理解平流层长期过程提供独特视角。

研究组首次呈现了格陵兰与南极冰芯的钚-239（²³⁹Pu）年内分辨率沉积记录（1940-1980年）。尽管"常春藤迈克"（1952年）与"城堡行动"（1954年）核试验的引爆位置相近，但前者向南极的沉降有限且延迟，这清晰展现了平流环流与季节动力学如何导致向南极的传输出现间歇性减弱。该记录同时揭示了南极地区的季节性沉降规律——夏季因平流层-对流层交换增强而出现沉积峰值。这些发现优化了当前全球气溶胶扩散的模型表征，并为模拟大气过程（特别是火山喷发与地球工程干预驱动的过程）提供了新的约束依据。

附：英文原文

Title: Tracing stratospheric transport using subannual plutonium-239 fallout in polar ice cores

Author: Jinhwa Shin, Seungmi Lee, Yeongcheol Han, Heejin Hwang, Seokhyun Ro, Soon Do Hur, Sang-Bum Hong

Issue&Volume: 2025-10-17

Abstract: Polar ice cores preserve high-resolution archives of historical atmospheric transport, providing unique insights into long-term stratospheric processes. Here, we present the first subannual plutonium-239 (239Pu) deposition records from Greenland and Antarctic ice cores (1940 to 1980 CE). The limited or delayed fallout from Ivy Mike (1952 CE) compared to Operation Castle (1954 CE), despite their detonation in close proximity, exemplifies how stratospheric circulation and seasonal dynamics create periods of reduced transport to Antarctica. These records also reveal seasonal fallout patterns in Antarctica, with enhanced deposition during austral summers driven by stratosphere-troposphere exchange. Our findings refine current representations of global aerosol dispersion and provide additional constraints for modeling atmospheric processes, particularly those driven by volcanic eruptions and geoengineering interventions.

DOI: adv1172

Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.adv1172