近日，中国科学技术大学刘强等研究人员合作总结脑老化与年龄相关性痴呆的机制、特征及治疗方法。这一研究成果于2024年9月12日在线发表在国际学术期刊《科学通报》上。

研究人员根据疾病进展将最新的年龄相关性痴呆（ARD）生物标志物发现分为四个阶段：健康大脑、临床前期、轻度认知障碍和痴呆。随后，研究人员系统总结了在基因组和表观基因组、细胞器、细胞及器官和有机体四个层面预防或减缓ARD的最有前景的治疗方法。研究人员强调早期预防和检测的重要性，以及联合治疗作为多模式干预策略在未来应对脑老化和ARD中的实施。

据介绍，与年龄相关的认知能力下降和痴呆是脑老化的显著表现。随着老龄化人口的快速增长，认知功能障碍对健康和社会经济的影响日益严重。尽管过去几十年在痴呆症的临床治疗方面面临巨大挑战，且在延缓其进展方面的突破有限，但在理解与ARD的分子机制和特征上取得了显著进展，这为该疾病的干预和治疗带来了新的希望。

附：英文原文

Title: The mechanisms, hallmarks, and therapies for brain aging and age-related dementia

Author: Fangbiao Tao h, Ye Zhang c d, Xianwen Hu c d, Qiang Liu a b e f

Issue&Volume: 2024/09/12

Abstract: Age-related cognitive decline and dementia are significant manifestations of brain aging. As the elderly population grows rapidly, the health and socio-economic impacts of cognitive dysfunction have become increasingly significant. Although clinical treatment of dementia has faced considerable challenges over the past few decades, with limited breakthroughs in slowing its progression, there has been substantial progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms and hallmarks of age-related dementia (ARD). This progress brings new hope for the intervention and treatment of this disease. In this review, we categorize the latest findings in ARD biomarkers into four stages based on disease progression: healthy brain, pre-clinical, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia. We then systematically summarize the most promising therapeutic approaches to prevent or slow ARD at four levels: genome and epigenome, organelle, cell, and organ and organism. We emphasize the importance of early prevention and detection, along with the implementation of combined treatments as multimodal intervention strategies, to address brain aging and ARD in the future.

DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2024.09.005

Source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S209592732400639X