近日,美国斯坦福大学的Anthony Morales及其研究团队取得一项新进展。他们对首次出现在两环路中的规范振幅进行了研究。相关研究成果已于2024年8月19日在国际知名学术期刊《高能物理杂志》上发表。
该研究团队研究了无质量非阿贝尔规范理论中的散射振幅,其中所有出射胶子的螺旋度均为正。科斯特洛(Costello)最近指出,对于特定的费米子表示(SU(N)中的8个基本表示加上一个反对称张量表示),单环路振幅恒等于零。研究人员证明了这种消失导致了先前观察到的单环路色序部分振幅之间的恒等式。
接着,研究人员转向两环路振幅,科斯特洛利用天体手征代数(CCA)引导程序,计算了该理论中任何数量胶子的全正振幅,作为运动学变量的有理函数。研究人员证明了在维数正则化下,这些两环路振幅不是有理的,甚至在∈ → 0时也不是有限的。
然而,四个胶子的有限余项与科斯特洛的公式一致。此外,研究人员为红外发散的环路积分提供了一个质量调节器;使用这个调节器,可以精确地恢复CCA引导公式。最后,研究人员使用CCA引导程序计算了该理论中任意数量胶子的两环路双迹项。
附:英文原文
Title: On gauge amplitudes first appearing at two loops
Author: Dixon, Lance J., Morales, Anthony
Issue&Volume: 2024-08-19
Abstract: We study scattering amplitudes in massless non-abelian gauge theory where all outgoing gluons have positive helicity. It has been argued recently by Costello that for a particular fermion representation (8 fundamentals plus one antisymmetric-tensor representation in SU(N)) the one-loop amplitudes vanish identically. We show that this vanishing leads to previously-observed identities among one-loop color-ordered partial amplitudes. We then turn to two loops, where Costello has computed the all-plus amplitudes for this theory, as rational functions of the kinematics for any number of gluons using the celestial chiral algebra (CCA) bootstrap. We show that in dimensional regularization, these two-loop amplitudes are not rational, and they are not even finite as ∈ → 0. However, the finite remainder for four gluons agrees with the formula by Costello. In addition, we provide a mass regulator for the infrared-divergent loop integrals; with this regulator, the CCA bootstrap formula is recovered exactly. Finally, we use the CCA bootstrap to compute the double-trace terms in the theory at two loops for an arbitrary number of gluons.
DOI: 10.1007/JHEP08(2024)129
Source: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/JHEP08(2024)129