原发性鼻流感感染重塑组织尺度记忆反应动态，这一成果由美国波士顿儿童医院Jose Ordovas-Montanes团队经过不懈努力而取得。相关论文于2024年7月3日发表在《免疫》杂志上。

研究团队建立了小鼠鼻黏膜的单细胞RNA测序图谱，在原发性流感感染和再感染期间采样了三个区域。成分分析显示呼吸道黏膜的限制性感染伴免疫和上皮细胞亚群和状态的逐步变化。课题组人员鉴定并鉴定了Krt13+鼻免疫相互作用底部上皮(KNIIFE)细胞的一个罕见亚群，该亚群与组织驻留记忆T (T_RM)样细胞同时增加。

比例分析、细胞间通讯推断和显微镜都强调了KNIIFE和T_RM细胞之间的CXCL16-CXCR6轴。继发性流感诱导加速和协调的髓细胞和淋巴细胞反应，没有上皮细胞增殖。总之，该图谱可作为上呼吸道病毒感染的参考，并突出了局部协调记忆反应的功效。

据介绍，鼻黏膜往往是呼吸道病毒感染、复制和传播的起始部位。了解感染如何形成组织规模的原发性和记忆反应对于设计粘膜疗法和疫苗至关重要。

附：英文原文

Title: Primary nasal influenza infection rewires tissue-scale memory response dynamics

Author: Samuel W. Kazer, Colette Matysiak Match, Erica M. Langan, Marie-Angèle Messou, Thomas J. LaSalle, Elise O’Leary, Jessica Marbourg, Katherine Naughton, Ulrich H. von Andrian, Jose Ordovas-Montanes

Issue&Volume: 2024-07-03

Abstract: The nasal mucosa is often the initial site of respiratory viral infection, replication,and transmission. Understanding how infection shapes tissue-scale primary and memoryresponses is critical for designing mucosal therapeutics and vaccines. We generateda single-cell RNA-sequencing atlas of the murine nasal mucosa, sampling three regionsduring primary influenza infection and rechallenge. Compositional analysis revealedrestricted infection to the respiratory mucosa with stepwise changes in immune andepithelial cell subsets and states. We identified and characterized a rare subsetof Krt13+ nasal immune-interacting floor epithelial (KNIIFE) cells, which concurrentlyincreased with tissue-resident memory T (TRM)-like cells. Proportionality analysis, cell-cell communication inference, and microscopyunderscored the CXCL16-CXCR6 axis between KNIIFE and TRM cells. Secondary influenza challenge induced accelerated and coordinated myeloidand lymphoid responses without epithelial proliferation. Together, this atlas servesas a reference for viral infection in the upper respiratory tract and highlights theefficacy of local coordinated memory responses.

DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.06.005

Source: https://www.cell.com/immunity/abstract/S1074-7613(24)00311-X