法国诺曼底大学Marina Rubio和Denis Vivien共同合作，近期取得重要工作进展。他们研究提出，中枢神经系统相关巨噬细胞调节老年小鼠中风后的免疫反应。相关研究成果2024年7月3日在线发表于《自然—神经科学》杂志上。

据介绍，年龄是缺血性中风的主要危险因素。中枢神经系统相关巨噬细胞（CAM）是位于血液循环和薄壁组织之间界面的脑血管系统中的常驻免疫细胞。

通过在年轻和老年雄性小鼠中使用临床相关的血栓栓塞性卒中模型和相应的人类组织样本，研究人员发现在衰老过程中，CAM通过内皮细胞对粘附分子的特异性调节，在脑卒中后协调免疫细胞运输中发挥核心作用。CAM的缺乏导致白细胞浸润（中性粒细胞和CD4⁺和CD8⁺ T淋巴细胞）增加，以及仅在老年小鼠中风后的神经功能障碍。主要组织相容性复合体II类在衰老过程中被CAM过表达，在调节中风免疫反应中发挥重要作用。

总之，这一发现表明，在衰老过程中，CAM成为神经免疫反应的中心协调器，确保对中风引发的免疫反应进行长期微调。

附：英文原文

Title: Central nervous system-associated macrophages modulate the immune response following stroke in aged mice

Author: Levard, Damien, Seillier, Clia, Bellemain-Sagnard, Mathys, Fournier, Antoine Philippe, Lemarchand, Elose, Dembech, Chantal, Riou, Gatan, McDade, Karina, Smith, Colin, McQuaid, Conor, Montagne, Axel, Amann, Lukas, Prinz, Marco, Vivien, Denis, Rubio, Marina

Issue&Volume: 2024-07-03

Abstract: Age is a major nonmodifiable risk factor for ischemic stroke. Central nervous system-associated macrophages (CAMs) are resident immune cells located along the brain vasculature at the interface between the blood circulation and the parenchyma. By using a clinically relevant thromboembolic stroke model in young and aged male mice and corresponding human tissue samples, we show that during aging, CAMs acquire a central role in orchestrating immune cell trafficking after stroke through the specific modulation of adhesion molecules by endothelial cells. The absence of CAMs provokes increased leukocyte infiltration (neutrophils and CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes) and neurological dysfunction after stroke exclusively in aged mice. Major histocompatibility complex class II, overexpressed by CAMs during aging, plays a significant role in the modulation of immune responses to stroke. We demonstrate that during aging, CAMs become central coordinators of the neuroimmune response that ensure a long-term fine-tuning of the immune responses triggered by stroke.

DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01695-3

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-024-01695-3