中国农业大学Ning Yang等研究人员合作揭示肠道微生物群和宿主基因组在驱动鸡杂交优势表达中的协同作用。相关论文于2024年6月29日在线发表在《遗传学报》上。

研究人员表示，杂交优势在农业生产中得到了广泛应用。尽管经过一个多世纪的广泛研究，杂交优势的内在机制仍然难以捉摸。大多数假设和研究都集中在杂交优势的遗传基础上。然而，肠道微生物群在杂交优势中的潜在作用在很大程度上被忽视了。

附：英文原文

Title: Synergy of gut microbiota and host genome in driving heterosis expression of chickens

Author: Chaoliang Wen a b c d, Ning Yang a b c d

Issue&Volume: 2024/06/29

Abstract: Heterosis has been widely utilized in agricultural production. Despite over a century of extensive research, the underlying mechanisms of heterosis remain elusive. Most hypotheses and research have focused on the genetic basis of heterosis. However, the potential role of gut microbiota in heterosis has been largely ignored. Here, we carefully design a crossbreeding experiment with two distinct broiler breeds and conduct 16S rRNA amplicon and transcriptome sequencing to investigate the synergistic role of gut microbiota and host genes in driving heterosis. We find that the breast muscle weight of the hybrids exhibits a high heterosis, 6.28% higher than mid-parent value. A notable difference is observed in the composition and potential function of cecal microbiota between hybrids and their parents. Over 90% of the differentially colonized microbiota and differentially expressed genes exhibit nonadditive patterns. Integrative analyses uncover associations between nonadditive genes and nonadditive microbiota, including a connection between the expression of cellular signaling pathway and metabolism-related genes and the abundance of Odoribacter, Oscillibacter, and Alistipes in hybrids. Moreover, higher abundances of these microbiota are related to better meat yield. In summary, these findings highlight the importance of gut microbiota in heterosis, serving as crucial factors that modulate heterosis expression in chickens.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2024.06.011

Source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S167385272400153X