美国国立卫生研究院Christine S. Hopp等研究人员合作发现，自身抗体抑制恶性疟原虫的生长，并与临床疟疾的防护有关。2024年6月19日，《免疫》杂志在线发表了这项成果。

研究人员对马里的儿童和成人（n=602）进行了一项纵向研究，发现疟疾季节前血浆中的高水平自身抗体（AAb）可独立预测儿童在随后的疟疾季节中患临床疟疾的风险降低。基线AAb血清流行率随年龄和无症状恶性疟原虫感染而增加。研究人员发现，从受保护者血浆中纯化的AAb可抑制血期寄生虫的生长，并与介导寄生虫入侵的恶性疟原虫蛋白结合。

在自身抗原微阵列评估的123种抗原中，受保护者血浆免疫球蛋白G (IgG) 对33种抗原的反应性更高。这项研究为自身免疫倾向提供了支持性证据，并证明了自身免疫倾向能使人在疟疾面前获得生存优势的假设。

据了解，包括疟疾在内的许多感染都与AAb的增加有关。之前的研究报告称，自身免疫性疾病易感性的遗传标记与疟疾抵抗力之间存在关联，但其潜在机制尚不清楚。

附：英文原文

Title: Autoantibodies inhibit Plasmodium falciparum growth and are associated with protection from clinical malaria

Author: Kelly A. Hagadorn, Mary E. Peterson, Hemanta Kole, Bethany Scott, Jeff Skinner, Ababacar Diouf, Eizo Takashima, Aissata Ongoiba, Safiatou Doumbo, Didier Doumtabe, Shanping Li, Padmapriya Sekar, Mei Yan, Chengsong Zhu, Hikaru Nagaoka, Bernard N. Kanoi, Quan-Zhen Li, Carole Long, Eric O. Long, Kassoum Kayentao, Scott A. Jenks, Ignacio Sanz, Takafumi Tsuboi, Boubacar Traore, Silvia Bolland, Kazutoyo Miura, Peter D. Crompton, Christine S. Hopp

Issue&Volume: 2024-06-19

Abstract: Many infections, including malaria, are associated with an increase in autoantibodies(AAbs). Prior studies have reported an association between genetic markers of susceptibilityto autoimmune disease and resistance to malaria, but the underlying mechanisms areunclear. Here, we performed a longitudinal study of children and adults (n = 602) in Mali and found that high levels of plasma AAbs before the malaria seasonindependently predicted a reduced risk of clinical malaria in children during theensuing malaria season. Baseline AAb seroprevalence increased with age and asymptomaticPlasmodium falciparum infection. We found that AAbs purified from the plasma of protected individuals inhibitthe growth of blood-stage parasites and bind P. falciparum proteins that mediate parasite invasion. Protected individuals had higher plasmaimmunoglobulin G (IgG) reactivity against 33 of the 123 antigens assessed in an autoantigenmicroarray. This study provides evidence in support of the hypothesis that a propensitytoward autoimmunity offers a survival advantage against malaria.

DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.05.024

Source: https://www.cell.com/immunity/abstract/S1074-7613(24)00278-4