复旦大学王立新团队报道了仿生结构钴纳米催化剂通过催化抗氧化抑制主动脉夹层发展。相关研究成果发表在2024年6月14日出版的《美国化学会杂志》。

作为最致命的心血管疾病之一，主动脉夹层（AD）是由主动脉中活性氧（ROS）的过度表达引起的，它会破坏血管结构，最终导致大出血和猝死。目前临床上用于AD治疗的药物在很大程度上不能有效清除ROS，呈现出不良的治疗效果。

该文中，研究人员提出了一种纳米催化抗氧化概念，通过构建具有仿生结构的钴纳米催化剂来提高AD的治疗效果，该催化剂可以以有效和可持续的方式清除病理性ROS。理论计算表明，抗氧化反应是由羟基钴（III）和氧代羟基钴（V）之间的氧化还原转变催化的，并伴随着内层质子耦合的双电子转移，形成非缔合活化催化循环。

仿生纳米催化剂在AD区域的有效抗氧化作用有效缓解了氧化应激，通过促进巨噬细胞的表型转变进一步调节主动脉炎症微环境。因此，血管平滑肌细胞同时也受到保护，免受炎症的影响，抑制AD的发展。

该研究为AD和其他心血管疾病的有效治疗提供了一种纳米催化抗氧化方法。

附：英文原文

Title: Biomimetic-Structured Cobalt Nanocatalyst Suppresses Aortic Dissection Progression by Catalytic Antioxidation

Author: Bowen Yang, Chengkai Hu, Yuchong Zhang, Di Jiang, Peng Lin, Shouji Qiu, Jianlin Shi, Lixin Wang

Issue&Volume: June 14, 2024

Abstract: As one of the most lethal cardiovascular diseases, aortic dissection (AD) is initiated by overexpression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the aorta that damages the vascular structure and finally leads to massive hemorrhage and sudden death. Current drugs used in clinics for AD treatment fail to efficiently scavenge ROS to a large extent, presenting undesirable therapeutic effect. In this work, a nanocatalytic antioxidation concept has been proposed to elevate the therapeutic efficacy of AD by constructing a cobalt nanocatalyst with a biomimetic structure that can scavenge pathological ROS in an efficient and sustainable manner. Theoretical calculations demonstrate that the antioxidation reaction is catalyzed by the redox transition between hydroxocobalt(III) and oxo-hydroxocobalt(V) accompanied by inner-sphere proton-coupled two-electron transfer, forming a nonassociated activation catalytic cycle. The efficient antioxidation action of the biomimetic nanocatalyst in the AD region effectively alleviates oxidative stress, which further modulates the aortic inflammatory microenvironment by promoting phenotype transition of macrophages. Consequently, vascular smooth muscle cells are also protected from inflammation in the meantime, suppressing AD progression. This study provides a nanocatalytic antioxidation approach for the efficient treatment of AD and other cardiovascular diseases.

DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c03344

Source: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jacs.4c03344