优势单倍型OsGATA8-H调控水稻氮吸收和高产分蘖的形成，这一成果由南京农业大学万建民和王春明研究组合作取得。该研究于2024年6月13日发表于国际学术期刊《自然-遗传学》杂志。

研究人员发现转录因子OsGATA8是水稻氮吸收和分蘖形成的关键调控因子。OsGATA8通过抑制铵转运基因OsAMT3.2的转录来负调节氮吸收。同时，它通过抑制分蘖负调控因子OsTCP19的转录促进分蘖形成。研究发现，OsGATA8-H是一种高氮利用率单倍型，具有更强的氮元素吸收能力和更高的高产分蘖比例。OsGATA8-H的地理分布及其在进化中的频率变化表明它适应肥沃的土壤。

总之，该研究为氮利用效率的调控提供了分子和进化方面的见解，有助于培育氮利用效率更高的水稻栽培品种。

据悉，过量氮元素会促进水稻非生产性分蘖的形成，从而降低氮利用率（NUE）。通过平衡氮吸收和高产分蘖的形成来培育高氮利用率水稻栽培品种仍然存在挑战，并且在水稻中这两个过程是如何协调的仍是未知。

附：英文原文

Title: The elite haplotype OsGATA8-H coordinates nitrogen uptake and productive tiller formation in rice

Author: Wu, Wei, Dong, Xiaoou, Chen, Gaoming, Lin, Zhixi, Chi, Wenchao, Tang, Weijie, Yu, Jun, Wang, Saisai, Jiang, Xingzhou, Liu, Xiaolan, Wu, Yujun, Wang, Chunyuan, Cheng, Xinran, Zhang, Wei, Xuan, Wei, Terzaghi, William, Ronald, Pamela C., Wang, Haiyang, Wang, Chunming, Wan, Jianmin

Issue&Volume: 2024-06-13

Abstract: Excessive nitrogen promotes the formation of nonproductive tillers in rice, which decreases nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). Developing high-NUE rice cultivars through balancing nitrogen uptake and the formation of productive tillers remains a long-standing challenge, yet how these two processes are coordinated in rice remains elusive. Here we identify the transcription factor OsGATA8 as a key coordinator of nitrogen uptake and tiller formation in rice. OsGATA8 negatively regulates nitrogen uptake by repressing transcription of the ammonium transporter gene OsAMT3.2. Meanwhile, it promotes tiller formation by repressing the transcription of OsTCP19, a negative modulator of tillering. We identify OsGATA8-H as a high-NUE haplotype with enhanced nitrogen uptake and a higher proportion of productive tillers. The geographical distribution of OsGATA8-H and its frequency change in historical accessions suggest its adaption to the fertile soil. Overall, this study provides molecular and evolutionary insights into the regulation of NUE and facilitates the breeding of rice cultivars with higher NUE.

DOI: 10.1038/s41588-024-01795-7

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41588-024-01795-7