2024年6月11日，《细胞》杂志在线发表了瑞典乌普萨拉大学Gustav Berggren等研究人员的最新合作成果，该研究认为古细菌中的最小氢化酶和杂交氢化酶具有活性。
研究人员通过对现有基因组和新基因组的分析以及广泛的生化实验，证明厌氧古细菌编码多种多样、活跃而古老的[FeFe]氢化酶。九个古细菌门的基因组都编码了[FeFe]氢化酶，产生H2的阿斯加德古细菌培养物也表达了[FeFe]氢化酶。研究人员报告了DPANN古菌中的一种超微小氢化酶，它能与催化H簇结合并产生H2。
此外，研究人员还发现并描述了其他十种古细菌中通过[FeFe]和[NiFe]氢化酶融合形成的非凡杂交复合物。系统发育分析和结构建模表明，杂交氢化酶具有深远的演化历史。这些发现揭示了古细菌新的代谢适应性、生物技术发展所需的简化氢催化剂，以及两种主要氢代谢酶之间令人惊讶的交织演化史。
据悉，微生物氢（H2）循环是各种缺氧生态系统多样性和功能性的基础。在三种演化上截然不同的氢化酶超家族中，[FeFe]氢化酶被认为仅限于细菌和真核生物。
附：英文原文
Title: Minimal and hybrid hydrogenases are active from archaea
Author: Chris Greening, Princess R. Cabotaje, Luis E. Valentin Alvarado, Pok Man Leung, Henrik Land, Thiago Rodrigues-Oliveira, Rafael I. Ponce-Toledo, Moritz Senger, Max A. Klamke, Michael Milton, Rachael Lappan, Susan Mullen, Jacob West-Roberts, Jie Mao, Jiangning Song, Marie Schoelmerich, Courtney W. Stairs, Christa Schleper, Rhys Grinter, Anja Spang, Jillian F. Banfield, Gustav Berggren
Issue&Volume: 2024-06-11
Abstract: Microbial hydrogen (H2) cycling underpins the diversity and functionality of diverse anoxic ecosystems. Among the three evolutionarily distinct hydrogenase superfamilies responsible, [FeFe] hydrogenases were thought to be restricted to bacteria and eukaryotes. Here, we show that anaerobic archaea encode diverse, active, and ancient lineages of [FeFe] hydrogenases through combining analysis of existing and new genomes with extensive biochemical experiments. [FeFe] hydrogenases are encoded by genomes of nine archaeal phyla and expressed by H2-producing Asgard archaeon cultures. We report an ultraminimal hydrogenase in DPANN archaea that binds the catalytic H-cluster and produces H2. Moreover, we identify and characterize remarkable hybrid complexes formed through the fusion of [FeFe] and [NiFe] hydrogenases in ten other archaeal orders. Phylogenetic analysis and structural modeling suggest a deep evolutionary history of hybrid hydrogenases. These findings reveal new metabolic adaptations of archaea, streamlined H2 catalysts for biotechnological development, and a surprisingly intertwined evolutionary history between the two major H2-metabolizing enzymes.
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.05.032
Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(24)00573-7