近日，奥地利维也纳大学的Cameren Swiggum及其研究团队取得一项新进展。经过不懈努力，他们发现大多数附近年轻星团在三个大质量复合体中形成。相关研究成果已于2024年6月10日在国际权威学术期刊《自然》上发表。

研究人员发现，在距离太阳1千秒差距内的272个高质量年轻星团中，有57%（即155个）源自三个不同的空间体。这一发现基于对第三次盖亚发布数据和其他大规模光谱调查数据的深入分析。目前，这些星团分散在太阳附近，但其在3000多万年前的位置表明，每个星团家族都是在三个紧凑的大质量恒星形成复合体之一中诞生的。

其中一个家族涵盖了所有靠近太阳的年轻星团，即金牛座和天蝎座-半人马座的恒星形成复合体。研究人员估计，这些家族产生了超过200颗超新星，并认为这些成群的超新星形成了本地泡和附近最大的超级壳GSH238+00+09，这两者在现代三维尘埃地图中均清晰可见。

据悉，过去的七十年里，科学家们一直不懈地探寻当地星际介质的结构及其邻近区域的恒星形成历史。最新的研究依托太空天体测量任务所获取的精确数据，揭示了附近新形成星团间具有紧密相关的起源。然而，由于缺少具备精确径向速度数据的星团资料，将天空中年轻的星团映射回其诞生区域的工作受到了限制。

附：英文原文

Title: Most nearby young star clusters formed in three massive complexes

Author: Swiggum, Cameren, Alves, Joo, Benjamin, Robert, Ratzenbck, Sebastian, Miret-Roig, Nria, Groschedl, Josefa, Meingast, Stefan, Goodman, Alyssa, Konietzka, Ralf, Zucker, Catherine, Hunt, Emily L., Reffert, Sabine

Issue&Volume: 2024-06-10

Abstract: Efforts to unveil the structure of the local interstellar medium and its recent star-formation history have spanned the past 70years. Recent studies using precise data from space astrometry missions have revealed nearby, newly formed star clusters with connected origins. Nonetheless, mapping young clusters across the entire sky back to their natal regions has been hindered by a lack of clusters with precise radial-velocity data. Here we show that 155 out of 272 (57%) high-quality young clusters within 1kiloparsec of the Sun arise from three distinct spatial volumes. This conclusion is based on the analysis of data from the third Gaia release and other large-scale spectroscopic surveys. At present, dispersed throughout the solar neighbourhood, their past positions more than 30million years ago reveal that these families of clusters each formed in one of three compact, massive star-forming complexes. One of these families includes all of the young clusters near the Sun—the Taurus and Scorpius–Centaurus star-forming complexes. We estimate that more than 200 supernovae were produced from these families and argue that these clustered supernovae produced both the Local Bubble and the largest nearby supershell GSH238+00+09 , both of which are clearly visible in modern three-dimensional dust maps.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07496-9

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-07496-9