近日，意大利萨勒诺大学的Luca Smaldone&Massimo Blasone及其研究团队取得一项新进展。经过不懈努力，他们实现介子振荡物理中宏观实在性的检验。相关研究成果已于2024年6月10日在国际知名学术期刊《物理评论A》上发表。

在本研究中，研究人员在介子振荡的背景下，对三次Leggett–Garg型不等式与宏观实在性的无时间中信号和时间箭头条件之间的关系进行研究。研究结果显示，在设定的初始条件下，Leggett-Garg不等式并未出现违反现象。然而，值得注意的是，无时间中信号条件却被观察到有所违反，这揭示了在介子振荡的物理过程中，宏观实在性的描述并不适用。

据悉，宏观实在论形式化了一个看似直观的概念，即与量子力学原理相反，一个物理系统可以在任何给定的时间处于确定的状态，而且它的动力学演变与对它进行的测量无关。

附：英文原文

Title: Tests of macrorealism in meson oscillation physics

Author: Massimo Blasone, Fabrizio Illuminati, Luciano Petruzziello, Kyrylo Simonov, Luca Smaldone

Issue&Volume: 2024/06/10

Abstract: Macrorealism formalizes the seemingly intuitive notion that, in contrast with the principles of quantum mechanics, a physical system can be in a definite state at any given time and moreover its dynamical evolution is independent of the measurements performed on it. In this study, we carry out a comparative analysis between three-time Leggett–Garg-type inequalities and the conditions of no-signaling-in-time and arrow-of-time for macrorealism within the context of meson oscillations. Our findings indicate that, under given initial conditions, no violations of Leggett–Garg inequalities are observed. However, no-signaling-in-time conditions are found to be violated, thereby revealing the impossibility of applying a macrorealistic description to the physics of meson oscillations.

DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.109.062209

Source: https://journals.aps.org/pra/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevA.109.06220