近日，吉林大学的吴戈&高博及其研究团队取得一项新进展。经过不懈努力，他们对超高速光纤激光器中的纯高偶阶色散束缚孤子复合物进行了研究。相关研究成果已于2024年5月6日在国际知名学术期刊《光：科学与应用》上发表。

在本项研究中，研究人员利用腔内光谱脉冲整形器，在光纤激光器中成功实现了高阶色散管理的PHEOD（纯高偶阶色散）束缚孤子。他们通过实验验证了纯四次色散、六次色散、八次色散以及十次色散的PHEOD孤子和PHEOD束缚孤子的存在。这些实验观察结果得到了数值模拟的进一步确认。此外，他们还发现了振动相PHEOD结合孤子对、滑动相PHEOD结合孤子对和杂化相PHEOD结合三孤子。这些结果拓宽了对孤子的基本认识，并展现了多孤子模式的普遍性。

据悉，时间孤子因其独特的物理性质成为众多研究的热点。这些孤子能够形成束缚态，这是光纤激光器的基本关键模式，并且它们与物质分子的对应物表现出惊人的相似性，预示着它们在大容量传输和全光信息存储方面拥有巨大的应用潜力。尽管传统上二阶色散是传统孤子的主要色散类型，但最新的实验和理论研究揭示，任意负偶阶色散与克尔非线性的相互作用可以产生具有能量宽度标度的纯高偶阶色散（PHEOD）孤子。然而，目前关于PHEOD孤子束缚态的研究尚属空白。

附：英文原文

Title: Pure-high-even-order dispersion bound solitons complexes in ultra-fast fiber lasers

Author: Han, Ying, Gao, Bo, Wen, Honglin, Ma, Chunyang, Huo, Jiayu, Li, Yingying, Zhou, Luyao, Li, Qi, Wu, Ge, Liu, Lie

Issue&Volume: 2024-05-06

Abstract: Temporal solitons have been the focus of much research due to their fascinating physical properties. These solitons can form bound states, which are fundamentally crucial modes in fiber laser and present striking analogies with their matter molecules counterparts, which means they have potential applications in large-capacity transmission and all-optical information storage. Although traditionally, second-order dispersion has been the dominant dispersion for conventional solitons, recent experimental and theoretical research has shown that pure-high-even-order dispersion (PHEOD) solitons with energy-width scaling can arise from the interaction of arbitrary negative-even-order dispersion and Kerr nonlinearity. Despite these advancements, research on the bound states of PHEOD solitons is currently non-existent. In this study, we obtained PHEOD bound solitons in a fiber laser using an intra-cavity spectral pulse shaper for high-order dispersion management. Specifically, we experimentally demonstrate the existence of PHEOD solitons and PHEOD bound solitons with pure-quartic, -sextic, -octic, and -decic dispersion. Numerical simulations corroborate these experimental observations. Furthermore, vibrating phase PHEOD bound soliton pairs, sliding phase PHEOD bound soliton pairs, and hybrid phase PHEOD bound tri-soliton are discovered and characterized. These results broaden the fundamental understanding of solitons and show the universality of multi-soliton patterns.

DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01451-z

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41377-024-01451-z