近日，意大利国际高等研究生院的Giulio Barni及其研究团队取得一项新进展。经过不懈努力，他们实现了气泡壁和摩擦的量子化。相关研究成果已于2024年5月24日在国际知名学术期刊《高能物理杂志》上发表。

该研究团队从第一性原理的场论出发，在平面极限的气泡壁背景下进行量子化，特别关注规范对称自发破缺的情况。使用这些工具，研究人员计算了跃迁辐射的平均动量转移，特别关注了高能粒子穿越壁面时产生的软辐射及其矢量的纵向极化特性。研究发现，这些纵向极化与轻度过冷的对称破缺跃迁中的横向极化具有相当性，且在薄壁破缺跃迁中占据主导地位。

这一重要发现对一阶相变过程中气泡的膨胀现象具有显著的现象学应用价值。此外，该研究所构建的一般性理论框架为在平移破缺背景下，对任何感兴趣的粒子过程进行稳健计算提供了有力工具。

附：英文原文

Title: Quantisation across bubble walls and friction

Author: Azatov, Aleksandr, Barni, Giulio, Petrossian-Byrne, Rudin, Vanvlasselaer, Miguel

Issue&Volume: 2024-05-24

Abstract: We quantise from first principles field theories living on the background of a bubble wall in the planar limit with particular focus on the case of spontaneous breaking of gauge symmetry. Using these tools, we compute the average momentum transfer from transition radiation: the soft emission of radiation by an energetic particle passing across the wall, with a particular focus on the longitudinal polarisation of vectors. We find these to be comparable to transverse polarisations in symmetry-breaking transitions with mild super-cooling, and dominant in broken to broken transitions with thin wall. Our results have phenomenological applications for the expansion of bubbles during first order phase transitions. Our general framework allows for the robust calculation of any particle processes of interest in such translation breaking backgrounds.

DOI: 10.1007/JHEP05(2024)294

Source: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/JHEP05(2024)294