澳大利亚昆士兰大学Geoffrey J. Faulkner等研究人员合作发现，LINE-1反转录转座子有助于小鼠PV中间神经元的发育。2024年5月21日，《自然—神经科学》杂志在线发表了这项成果。

据悉，反转录转座子是通过RNA中间体的转录和反转录复制的移动DNA序列。反转录转座子编码的顺式调节元件还能促进相邻基因的转录。在哺乳动物神经元中发现了体细胞L1反转录转座子插入。然而，目前还不清楚L1序列是否只在某些神经元谱系中移动，还是在其中促进神经发育基因的表达。

附：英文原文

Title: LINE-1 retrotransposons contribute to mouse PV interneuron development

Author: Bodea, Gabriela O., Botto, Juan M., Ferreiro, Maria E., Sanchez-Luque, Francisco J., de los Rios Barreda, Jose, Rasmussen, Jay, Rahman, Muhammed A., Fenlon, Laura R., Jansz, Natasha, Gubert, Carolina, Gerdes, Patricia, Bodea, Liviu-Gabriel, Ajjikuttira, Prabha, Da Costa Guevara, Darwin J., Cumner, Linda, Bell, Charles C., Kozulin, Peter, Billon, Victor, Morell, Santiago, Kempen, Marie-Jeanne H. C., Love, Chloe J., Saha, Karabi, Palmer, Lucy M., Ewing, Adam D., Jhaveri, Dhanisha J., Richardson, Sandra R., Hannan, Anthony J., Faulkner, Geoffrey J.

Issue&Volume: 2024-05-21

Abstract: Retrotransposons are mobile DNA sequences duplicated via transcription and reverse transcription of an RNA intermediate. Cis-regulatory elements encoded by retrotransposons can also promote the transcription of adjacent genes. Somatic LINE-1 (L1) retrotransposon insertions have been detected in mammalian neurons. It is, however, unclear whether L1 sequences are mobile in only some neuronal lineages or therein promote neurodevelopmental gene expression. Here we report programmed L1 activation by SOX6, a transcription factor critical for parvalbumin (PV) interneuron development. Mouse PV interneurons permit L1 mobilization in vitro and in vivo, harbor unmethylated L1 promoters and express full-length L1 mRNAs and proteins. Using nanopore long-read sequencing, we identify unmethylated L1s proximal to PV interneuron genes, including a novel L1 promoter-driven Caps2 transcript isoform that enhances neuron morphological complexity in vitro. These data highlight the contribution made by L1 cis-regulatory elements to PV interneu

DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01650-2

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-024-01650-2