瑞士联邦理工学院Denis Burdakov课题组发现，食欲素神经元追踪行为小鼠血糖的时间特征。该研究于2024年5月21日在线发表于国际一流学术期刊《自然—神经科学》。

通过同时记录行为活跃的雄性小鼠的下视丘分泌素/食欲素神经元（HON）和血糖，研究人员发现，由于导数追踪，最大HON反应发生在葡萄糖峰值的相当长的时间预期（分钟）内。对超过900个单独HON的分析表明，大多数HON（98%）具有葡萄糖追踪功能，导数追踪器和比例追踪器并行工作，许多HON（65%）复用葡萄糖和运动信息。

最后，研究人员发现HON活动对葡萄糖诱发的运动抑制非常重要。这些发现揭示了大脑葡萄糖感知的时间维度，并将大脑唤醒协调器中血糖感知的神经生物学观点和算法观点联系起来。

据介绍，大脑会追踪血糖变化的速度吗？了解这种变化速度可以预测即将出现的状态，并对这种新状态做出更及时的反应。下丘脑唤醒-协调性HON被认为是葡萄糖传感器，但它们是追踪葡萄糖浓度（比例追踪）还是变化率（导数追踪）尚不清楚。

附：英文原文

Title: Orexin neurons track temporal features of blood glucose in behaving mice

Author: Viskaitis, Paulius, Tesmer, Alexander L., Liu, Ziyu, Karnani, Mahesh M., Arnold, Myrtha, Donegan, Dane, Bracey, Eva, Grujic, Nikola, Patriarchi, Tommaso, Peleg-Raibstein, Daria, Burdakov, Denis

Issue&Volume: 2024-05-21

Abstract: Does the brain track how fast our blood glucose is changing Knowing such a rate of change would enable the prediction of an upcoming state and a timelier response to this new state. Hypothalamic arousal-orchestrating hypocretin/orexin neurons (HONs) have been proposed to be glucose sensors, yet whether they track glucose concentration (proportional tracking) or rate of change (derivative tracking) is unknown. Using simultaneous recordings of HONs and blood glucose in behaving male mice, we found that maximal HON responses occur in considerable temporal anticipation (minutes) of glucose peaks due to derivative tracking. Analysis of >900 individual HONs revealed glucose tracking in most HONs (98%), with derivative and proportional trackers working in parallel, and many (65%) HONs multiplexed glucose and locomotion information. Finally, we found that HON activity is important for glucose-evoked locomotor suppression. These findings reveal a temporal dimension of brain glucose sensing and link neurobiological and algorithmic views of blood glucose perception in the brain’s arousal orchestrators.

DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01648-w

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-024-01648-w