近日，瑞士洛桑联邦理工学院Bart Deplancke及其团队发现，人类网膜特异性间皮细胞样基质群通过分泌IGFBP2抑制脂肪生成。相关论文于2024年5月9日在线发表在《细胞—代谢》杂志上。

研究人员表示，脂肪组织的可塑性是由基质血管部分（SVF）中分子和功能多样化的细胞协调的。虽然现在已经确定了几种小鼠和人类脂肪SVF细胞亚群，但人们仍然缺乏对人类脂肪储层中脂肪干细胞和祖细胞（ASPC）群的细胞和功能变异性的了解。

为了解决这个问题，研究人员对四个人体脂肪贮备区的30多个SVF/Lin-样本进行了单细胞和整体RNA测序（RNA-seq）分析，发现了两个无处不在的人类ASPC（hASPC）亚群，它们具有不同的增殖和生脂特性，但其比例也与脂肪贮备区和体重指数有关。此外，研究人员还发现了一种网膜特异性的高IGFBP2表达基质群体，它在间皮细胞和间充质细胞状态之间转换，并通过IGFBP2的分泌抑制hASPC的脂肪生成。这些分析强调了不同脂肪微环境的分子和细胞独特性，而研究人员发现的抗脂肪生成的IGFBP2+网膜特异性群体，为网膜hASPC的生物医学相关性和有限的脂肪生成能力提供了新的理论依据。

附：英文原文

Title: A human omentum-specific mesothelial-like stromal population inhibits adipogenesis through IGFBP2 secretion

Author: Radiana Ferrero, Pernille Yde Rainer, Marie Rumpler, Julie Russeil, Magda Zachara, Joern Pezoldt, Guido van Mierlo, Vincent Gardeux, Wouter Saelens, Daniel Alpern, Lucie Favre, Nathalie Vionnet, Styliani Mantziari, Tobias Zingg, Nelly Pitteloud, Michel Suter, Maurice Matter, Kai-Uwe Schlaudraff, Carles Canto, Bart Deplancke

Issue&Volume: 2024-05-09

Abstract: Adipose tissue plasticity is orchestrated by molecularly and functionally diverse cells within the stromal vascular fraction (SVF). Although several mouse and human adipose SVF cellular subpopulations have by now been identified, we still lack an understanding of the cellular and functional variability of adipose stem and progenitor cell (ASPC) populations across human fat depots. To address this, we performed single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analyses of >30 SVF/Lin samples across four human adipose depots, revealing two ubiquitous human ASPC (hASPC) subpopulations with distinct proliferative and adipogenic properties but also depot- and BMI-dependent proportions. Furthermore, we identified an omental-specific, high IGFBP2-expressing stromal population that transitions between mesothelial and mesenchymal cell states and inhibits hASPC adipogenesis through IGFBP2 secretion. Our analyses highlight the molecular and cellular uniqueness of different adipose niches, while our discovery of an anti-adipogenic IGFBP2+ omental-specific population provides a new rationale for the biomedically relevant, limited adipogenic capacity of omental hASPCs.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.04.017

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell-metabolism/fulltext/S1550-4131(24)00137-2