近日，意大利巴里大学的Sebastiano Stramaglia及其研究小组与英国萨塞克斯大学的Fernando E. Rosas等人合作并取得一项新进展。经过不懈努力，他们实现量子纠缠态中高阶相互依赖的量化。相关研究成果已于2024年4月2日在国际知名学术期刊《物理评论A》上发表。

该研究团队凭借信息理论的最新进展开发了一种表征量子系统高阶依赖主导特征的方法。为此，研究人员引入了Q信息:这是一种能够区分协同或冗余主导的量子态的信息理论度量。研究人员通过研究纵聚合纠缠量子比特态的特性来说明这一测量方法，并发现与经典系统相比，量子系统至少需要四个变量才能表现出高阶特性。

此外，这项研究结果表明，幺正演化可以从根本上影响内部信息组织，其方式强烈依赖于相应的哈密顿量。总体而言，Q信息揭示了量子系统内部组织及其时间演化的各个方面，为研究几种量子现象和相关技术开辟了不同的途径。

附：英文原文

Title: Quantifying high-order interdependencies in entangled quantum states

Author: Marco Alberto Javarone, Fernando E. Rosas, Paolo Facchi, Saverio Pascazio, Sebastiano Stramaglia

Issue&Volume: 2024/04/02

Abstract: We leverage recent advances in information theory to develop a method to characterize the dominant character of the high-order dependencies of quantum systems. To this end, we introduce the Q-information: an information-theoretic measure capable of distinguishing quantum states dominated by synergy or redundancy. We illustrate the measure by investigating the properties of paradigmatic entangled qubit states and find that—in contrast to classical systems—quantum systems need at least four variables to exhibit high-order properties. Furthermore, our results reveal that unitary evolution can radically affect the internal information organization in a way that strongly depends on the corresponding Hamiltonian. Overall, the Q-information sheds light on aspects of the internal organization of quantum systems and their time evolution, opening different avenues for studying several quantum phenomena and related technologies.

DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.109.042605

Source: https://journals.aps.org/pra/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevA.109.042605