近日，复旦大学的安正华及其研究小组与上海科技大学的宋艳汝等人合作并取得一项新进展。经过不懈努力，他们利用超导体实现可重构内存逻辑长波红外传感。相关研究成果已于2024年4月26日在国际知名学术期刊《光：科学与应用》上发表。

该研究团队发现超导体拥有量子受限光学灵敏度和超宽光谱覆盖的卓越性能，并据此报道了一种基于滞回超导体-正常相变双稳性的超导记忆长波红外传感器。在电脉冲和光脉冲的共同作用下，该器件能在传感器内部实现电阻和超导（即无耗散）状态之间的稳定切换，持续时间超过10⁵秒。这就产生了一种弹性可重构的内存逻辑系统，适用于加密通信等领域。

此外，通过原位超材料完美吸收体设计，该传感器在12.2μm波长处展现了极高的红外灵敏度。这一研究不仅为超导内存逻辑传感器的集成化开辟了新道路，而且在灵敏度和波长上均超越了生物视网膜的能力，为将视觉感知能力融入超导体的智能量子机器中提供了开创性的机会。

据悉，具备单元内逻辑和存储功能的光学传感器，为突破冯·诺伊曼架构的机器视觉领域带来了新的可能性，并且已经在二维材料、忆阻氧化物、相变材料等方面进行了尝试。

附：英文原文

Title: Reconfigurable memlogic long wave infrared sensing with superconductors

Author: Chen, Bingxin, Xue, Huanyi, Pan, Hong, Zhu, Liping, Yan, Xiaomi, Wang, Jingzhe, Song, Yanru, An, Zhenghua

Issue&Volume: 2024-04-26

Abstract: Optical sensors with in-cell logic and memory capabilities offer new horizons in realizing machine vision beyond von Neumann architectures and have been attempted with two-dimensional materials, memristive oxides, phase-changing materials etc. Noting the unparalleled performance of superconductors with both quantum-limited optical sensitivities and ultra-wide spectrum coverage, here we report a superconducting memlogic long-wave infrared sensor based on the bistability in hysteretic superconductor-normal phase transition. Driven cooperatively by electrical and optical pulses, the device offers deterministic in-sensor switching between resistive and superconducting (hence dissipationless) states with persistence>10⁵s. This results in a resilient reconfigurable memlogic system applicable for, e.g., encrypted communications. Besides, a high infrared sensitivity at 12.2μm is achieved through its in-situ metamaterial perfect absorber design. Our work opens the avenue to realize all-in-one superconducting memlogic sensors, surpassing biological retina capabilities in both sensitivity and wavelength, and presents a groundbreaking opportunity to integrate visional perception capabilities into superconductor-based intelligent quantum machines.

DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01424-2

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41377-024-01424-2