近日，德国斯图加特大学第五物理研究所的Harald Kübler及其研究团队取得一项新进展。经过不懈努力，他们揭示室温下一氧化氮中里德伯态的碰撞位移和展宽现象。相关研究成果已于2024年3月15日在国际知名学术期刊《物理评论A》上发表。

本文报道了室温下一氧化氮（NO）里德伯态在背景气体密度上升时，展现的碰撞位移与谱线展宽现象。实验分别以NO自身和氮气作为背景气体。研究人员采用亚多普勒三光子激发方案获取精确光谱，并通过放大碰撞产生的自由电荷电流来读取里德伯态信息。

研究发现，这种位移与离子核的转动量子态相关，而与绕轨道运动的里德伯电子的主量子数无关。本实验是在开发用于医疗领域呼出气体分析的痕量气体传感器的背景下进行的。

附：英文原文

Title: Collisional shift and broadening of Rydberg states in nitric oxide at room temperature

Author: Fabian Munkes, Alexander Trachtmann, Patrick Kaspar, Florian Anschütz, Philipp Hengel, Yannick Schellander, Patrick Schalberger, Norbert Fruehauf, Jens Anders, Robert Lw, Tilman Pfau, Harald Kübler

Issue&Volume: 2024/03/15

Abstract: We report on the collisional shift and line broadening of Rydberg states in nitric oxide (NO) with increasing density of a background gas at room temperature. As a background gas we either use NO itself or nitrogen (N₂). The precision spectroscopy is achieved by a sub-Doppler three-photon excitation scheme with a subsequent readout of the Rydberg states realized by the amplification of a current generated by free charges due to collisions. The shift shows a dependence on the rotational quantum state of the ionic core and no dependence on the principle quantum number of the orbiting Rydberg electron. The experiment was performed in the context of developing a trace-gas sensor for breath-gas analysis in a medical application.

DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.109.032809

Source: https://journals.aps.org/pra/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevA.109.032809