近日，德国杜伊斯堡-埃森大学的Henning Rudolph及其研究小组与德国乌尔姆大学的Benjamin A. Stickler等人合作，提出纳米粒子间非厄米光学束缚的量子理论。相关研究成果已于2024年12月3日在国际知名学术期刊《物理评论A》上发表。

鉴于近期有实验成功将纳米粒子冷却至量子态，该研究团队发展了关于小介电物体通过散射光镊光子产生的力，和力矩相互作用的量子理论。

这种相互作用本质上具有非厄米性，并伴随着相关的量子噪声。研究人员给出了相应的马尔可夫量子主方程，并展示了如何实现非互易和单向耦合。这项研究工作为探索和利用非互易耦合纳米粒子阵列中，丰富的量子物理现象提供了理论工具。

据悉，最新实验表明，由于光学束缚效应，悬浮纳米粒子之间实现了高度可调的非互易耦合。

附：英文原文

Title: Quantum theory of non-Hermitian optical binding between nanoparticles

Author: Henning Rudolph, Uro Deli, Klaus Hornberger, Benjamin A. Stickler

Issue&Volume: 2024/12/03

Abstract: Recent experiments demonstrate highly tunable nonreciprocal coupling between levitated nanoparticles due to optical binding [J. Rieser et al., Science 377, 987 (2022)]. In view of recent experiments cooling nanoparticles to the quantum regime, we here develop the quantum theory of small dielectric objects interacting via the forces and torques induced by scattered tweezer photons. The interaction is fundamentally non-Hermitian and accompanied by correlated quantum noise. We present the corresponding Markovian quantum master equation and show how to reach nonreciprocal and unidirectional coupling. Our work provides the theoretical tools for exploring and exploiting the rich quantum physics of nonreciprocally coupled nanoparticle arrays.

DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.110.063507

Source: https://journals.aps.org/pra/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevA.110.063507