奥地利科学技术研究所Peter Jonas等研究人员合作发现，人类海马CA3区域使用特定的功能连接规则来实现高效的联想记忆。相关论文于2024年12月11日在线发表在《细胞》杂志上。

通过结合多细胞膜片钳记录、基于膨胀的超分辨率显微镜和全尺度建模，研究人员确定了人类海马CA3区域的细胞和微回路特性，这一回路是记忆存储的基础回路。与新皮层网络不同，人类海马CA3表现出稀疏的连接性，提供了一种最大化联想能力的回路结构。

人类突触表现出独特的可靠性、高精度和长时间的整合时间，展现了物种特异性和回路特异性的特征。结合扩展的神经元数量，这些回路特性大大增强了CA3的记忆存储能力。该研究揭示了人类海马的独特微回路特性，并开始揭开人类最复杂器官的内在工作机制。

据了解，人类的大脑具有卓越的计算能力，能够产生复杂的行为、存储个人一生的记忆，并产生更高层次的认知功能。然而，人们对人类大脑的神经科学知识仍然有限。这个器官真的独特吗，还是它只是广泛研究的啮齿动物大脑的一个放大版？

附：英文原文

Title: Human hippocampal CA3 uses specific functional connectivity rules for efficient associative memory

Author: Jake F. Watson, Victor Vargas-Barroso, Rebecca J. Morse-Mora, Andrea Navas-Olive, Mojtaba R. Tavakoli, Johann G. Danzl, Matthias Tomschik, Karl Rssler, Peter Jonas

Issue&Volume: 2024-12-11

Abstract: Our brain has remarkable computational power, generating sophisticated behaviors, storing memories over an individual’s lifetime, and producing higher cognitive functions. However, little of our neuroscience knowledge covers the human brain. Is this organ truly unique, or is it a scaled version of the extensively studied rodent brain Combining multicellular patch-clamp recording with expansion-based superresolution microscopy and full-scale modeling, we determined the cellular and microcircuit properties of the human hippocampal CA3 region, a fundamental circuit for memory storage. In contrast to neocortical networks, human hippocampal CA3 displayed sparse connectivity, providing a circuit architecture that maximizes associational power. Human synapses showed unique reliability, high precision, and long integration times, exhibiting both species- and circuit-specific properties. Together with expanded neuronal numbers, these circuit characteristics greatly enhanced the memory storage capacity of CA3. Our results reveal distinct microcircuit properties of the human hippocampus and begin to unravel the inner workings of our most complex organ.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.11.022

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/abstract/S0092-8674(24)01338-2