德国马普化学研究所Schiebel Ralf研究小组报道，在不断变化的海洋中，迁徙对现代浮游有孔虫来说是不够的。相关论文于2024年11月13日发表在《自然》杂志上。

据悉，不断增加的二氧化碳排放正在引发海洋变暖和酸化，改变了浮游生物的栖息地，并威胁到钙化生物，如浮游有孔虫（PF）。PF是否能够通过横向迁移和垂直迁移，来应对这些前所未有的环境变化速度，这一疑问目前还没有解决。

研究人员展示了在一个世纪的时间里收集的主题数据，作为FORCIS4全球普查的统计，浮游生物正在表现出明显的极地迁移行为，增加了它们在中高纬度地区的多样性，对一些物种来说，在水柱中下降。在过去的80年中，有孔虫的总体丰度下降了24.2±0.1%。除了横向迁移之外，他们的研究还揭示了有孔虫物种之间复杂的垂直迁移模式，对它们的适应策略提出了细致的理解。

在2050年和2100年预测的温度和方解石饱和状态下，低纬度有孔虫物种将面临超过其当前生态耐受的物理化学环境。这些物种可能通过向极地移动取代高纬度物种，这将减少低纬度有孔虫的多样性。他们对有孔虫在人类世期间适应的见解表明，仅靠迁徙不足以确保生存。这强调了人们迫切需要了解气候变化、海洋酸化和其他压力因素的相互作用，将如何影响大部分海洋领域的生存能力。

附：英文原文

Title: Migrating is not enough for modern planktonic foraminifera in a changing ocean

Author: Chaabane, Sonia, de Garidel-Thoron, Thibault, Meilland, Julie, Sulpis, Olivier, Chalk, Thomas B., Brummer, Geert-Jan A., Mortyn, P. Graham, Giraud, Xavier, Howa, Hlne, Casajus, Nicolas, Kuroyanagi, Azumi, Beaugrand, Gregory, Schiebel, Ralf

Issue&Volume: 2024-11-13

Abstract: Rising carbon dioxide emissions are provoking ocean warming and acidification1,2, altering plankton habitats and threatening calcifying organisms3, such as the planktonic foraminifera (PF). Whether the PF can cope with these unprecedented rates of environmental change, through lateral migrations and vertical displacements, is unresolved. Here we show, using data collected over the course of a century as FORCIS4 global census counts, that the PF are displaying evident poleward migratory behaviours, increasing their diversity at mid- to high latitudes and, for some species, descending in the water column. Overall foraminiferal abundances have decreased by 24.2 ± 0.1% over the past eight decades. Beyond lateral migrations5, our study has uncovered intricate vertical migration patterns among foraminiferal species, presenting a nuanced understanding of their adaptive strategies. In the temperature and calcite saturation states projected for 2050 and 2100, low-latitude foraminiferal species will face physicochemical environments that surpass their current ecological tolerances. These species may replace higher-latitude species through poleward shifts, which would reduce low-latitude foraminiferal diversity. Our insights into the adaptation of foraminifera during the Anthropocene suggest that migration will not be enough to ensure survival. This underscores the urgent need for us to understand how the interplay of climate change, ocean acidification and other stressors will impact the survivability of large parts of the marine realm.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-08191-5

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-08191-5