研究人员揭示了黑猩猩累积文化的演化起源以及为什么它一直处于初期阶段。为了追溯四个黑猩猩亚种之间的文化传播，研究人员比较了基于近期迁徙的遗传标记和共享文化特征的人群网络。研究人员发现，群体连接性的有限程度促使黑猩猩累积文化的少数实例出现。
与人类一样，文化的复杂化可能是逐步发生的，通过种群之间的传播、渐进性变化和技术的再利用。研究人员提出，社会模式的分化导致了人属群体之间流动性增加，从而导致对文化交流和复杂化的不可逆依赖。
研究人员表示，尽管累积文化是人类演化的标志，但其起源可以追溯到人类与黑猩猩的共同祖先。
附：英文原文
Title: Population connectivity shapes the distribution and complexity of chimpanzee cumulative culture
Author: Cassandra Gunasekaram, Federico Battiston, Onkar Sadekar, Cecilia Padilla-Iglesias, Maria A. van Noordwijk, Reinhard Furrer, Andrea Manica, Jaume Bertranpetit, Andrew Whiten, Carel P. van Schaik, Lucio Vinicius, Andrea Bamberg Migliano
Issue&Volume: 2024-11-22
Abstract: Although cumulative culture is a hallmark of hominin evolution, its origins can be traced back to our common ancestor with chimpanzees. Here, we investigated the evolutionary origins of chimpanzee cumulative culture and why it remained incipient. To trace cultural transmission among the four chimpanzee subspecies, we compared population networks based on genetic markers of recent migration and shared cultural traits. We show that limited levels of group connectivity favored the emergence of a few instances of cumulative culture in chimpanzees. As in humans, cultural complexification likely happened in steps, with transmission between populations, incremental changes, and repurposing of technologies. We propose that divergence in social patterns led to increased mobility between groups in the genus Homo, resulting in irreversible dependence on cultural exchange and complexification.
DOI: adk3381
Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adk3381