瑞士纳沙泰尔大学Delphine Clara Zemp等研究人员合作发现，树岛增强油棕榈景观的生物多样性和功能。2023年5月24日，《自然》杂志在线发表了这项成果。

研究人员介绍了在一个富含52个树岛的油棕榈景观中进行的大规模、为期5年的生态系统恢复实验结果，其中包括对10个生物多样性指标和19个生态系统功能指标的评估。总的来说，与传统管理的油棕榈相比，树岛的生物多样性和生态系统功能指标，以及多元性和生态系统多功能性都更高。较大的树岛通过植被结构的变化导致了更大的多变性收益。此外，树木的富集并没有减少景观范围内的油棕榈产量。这些结果表明，用树岛丰富以油棕榈为主的景观是一种有前途的生态恢复战略，但不应取代对剩余森林的保护。

据介绍，在联合国生态系统恢复十年中，关于如何在以经济作物为主的热带景观中增加生物多样性和生态系统功能，仍然存在巨大的知识差距。

附：英文原文

Title: Tree islands enhance biodiversity and functioning in oil palm landscapes

Author: Zemp, Delphine Clara, Guerrero-Ramirez, Nathaly, Brambach, Fabian, Darras, Kevin, Grass, Ingo, Potapov, Anton, Rll, Alexander, Arimond, Isabelle, Ballauff, Johannes, Behling, Hermann, Berkelmann, Dirk, Biagioni, Siria, Buchori, Damayanti, Craven, Dylan, Daniel, Rolf, Gailing, Oliver, Ellser, Florian, Fardiansah, Riko, Hennings, Nina, Irawan, Bambang, Khokthong, Watit, Krashevska, Valentyna, Krause, Alena, Kckes, Johanna, Li, Kevin, Lorenz, Hendrik, Maraun, Mark, Merk, Miryam Sarah, Moura, Carina C. M., Mulyani, Yeni A., Paterno, Gustavo B., Pebrianti, Herni Dwinta, Polle, Andrea, Prameswari, Di Ajeng, Sachsenmaier, Lena, Scheu, Stefan, Schneider, Dominik, Setiajiati, Fitta, Setyaningsih, Christina Ani, Sundawati, Leti, Tscharntke, Teja, Wollni, Meike, Hlscher, Dirk, Kreft, Holger

Issue&Volume: 2023-05-24

Abstract: In the United Nations Decade on Ecosystem Restoration1, large knowledge gaps persist on how to increase biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in cash crop-dominated tropical landscapes2. Here, we present findings from a large-scale, 5-year ecosystem restoration experiment in an oil palm landscape enriched with 52 tree islands, encompassing assessments of ten indicators of biodiversity and 19 indicators of ecosystem functioning. Overall, indicators of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, as well as multidiversity and ecosystem multifunctionality, were higher in tree islands compared to conventionally managed oil palm. Larger tree islands led to larger gains in multidiversity through changes in vegetation structure. Furthermore, tree enrichment did not decrease landscape-scale oil palm yield. Our results demonstrate that enriching oil palm-dominated landscapes with tree islands is a promising ecological restoration strategy, yet should not replace the protection of remaining forests.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06086-5

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06086-5