南方医科大学朱心红研究团队发现，一条丘脑-初级听觉皮层回路介导对压力的恢复能力。2023年3月30日出版的《细胞》发表了这项成果。
研究人员确定了在自然恢复力中发挥作用的一个微循环和相关的分子适应。研究人员发现，来自同侧内侧膝状体（MG）的丘脑输入激活初级听觉皮层（A1）的小清蛋白（PV）中间神经元对暴露于慢性社会失败压力的小鼠恢复力至关重要。在慢性社会失败压力期间的早期攻击诱发了有恢复力小鼠投射到A1的MG神经元（MGA1神经元）的短期超极化。
此外，MGA1神经元的这种时间性神经可塑性在随后的压力反应中通过突触前的BDNF-TrkB信号启动对丘脑PV神经元的突触发生。光遗传学模拟了MGA1神经元的短期超极化，而不仅仅是激活MGA1神经元，引起了对压力反应的先天恢复力机制，并在多种动物模型中实现了持续的抗抑郁效果，这代表了一种新的定向神经调控策略。
据悉，恢复力使个体在从逆境中反弹时具有心理弹性。
附：英文原文
Title: A thalamic-primary auditory cortex circuit mediates resilience to stress
Author: Huan-Yu Li, Min-Zhen Zhu, Xin-Rui Yuan, Zhi-Xin Guo, Yi-Da Pan, Yuan-Qing Li, Xin-Hong Zhu
Issue&Volume: 2023/03/30
Abstract: Resilience enables mental elasticity in individuals when rebounding from adversity.In this study, we identified a microcircuit and relevant molecular adaptations thatplay a role in natural resilience. We found that activation of parvalbumin (PV) interneuronsin the primary auditory cortex (A1) by thalamic inputs from the ipsilateral medialgeniculate body (MG) is essential for resilience in mice exposed to chronic socialdefeat stress. Early attacks during chronic social defeat stress induced short-termhyperpolarizations of MG neurons projecting to the A1 (MGA1 neurons) in resilient mice. In addition, this temporal neural plasticity of MGA1 neurons initiated synaptogenesis onto thalamic PV neurons via presynaptic BDNF–TrkBsignaling in subsequent stress responses. Moreover, optogenetic mimicking of the short-termhyperpolarization of MGA1 neurons, rather than merely activating MGA1 neurons, elicited innate resilience mechanisms in response to stress and achievedsustained antidepressant-like effects in multiple animal models, representing a newstrategy for targeted neuromodulation.
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.02.036
Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(23)00214-3