近日，意大利纳米技术研究所的D.Ballarini&D.Sanvitto课题组与波兰科学院物理研究所的P.Comaron合作，研究了耗散量子流体中涡旋团簇和逆能量级联的开始。相关成果已于2023年3月23日在国际权威学术期刊《自然—光子学》上发表。

该课题组展示了激子-极化子的二维量子流体的湍流动力学，这是一种混合光-物质准粒子。通过测量动能谱和显示涡旋聚集的开始，研究人员展示了这种现象的动力学。他们证明了量子涡旋团簇的形成是由于每个涡旋的不可压缩动能增加，表明尽管他们的系统有耗散性质，但涡旋气体趋向于高度激发的结构。这些结果为研究光的二维量子湍流奠定了基础。

据介绍，湍流现象是经典和量子流体可能表现出的最引人注目的效应之一。尽管经典湍流无处不在，但观察量子湍流需要精确操纵诸如超流氦或原子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚的量子流体。

附：英文原文

Title: Onset of vortex clustering and inverse energy cascade in dissipative quantum fluids

Author: Panico, R., Comaron, P., Matuszewski, M., Lanotte, A. S., Trypogeorgos, D., Gigli, G., Giorgi, M. De, Ardizzone, V., Sanvitto, D., Ballarini, D.

Issue&Volume: 2023-03-23

Abstract: Turbulent phenomena are among the most striking effects that both classical and quantum fluids can exhibit. Although classical turbulence is ubiquitous in nature, the observation of quantum turbulence requires the precise manipulation of quantum fluids such as superfluid helium or atomic Bose–Einstein condensates. Here we demonstrate the turbulent dynamics of a two-dimensional quantum fluid of exciton–polaritons, hybrid light–matter quasiparticles, both by measuring the kinetic energy spectrum and showing the onset of vortex clustering. We demonstrate that the formation of clusters of quantum vortices is triggered by the increase of the incompressible kinetic energy per vortex, showing the tendency of the vortex-gas towards highly excited configurations despite the dissipative nature of our system. These results lay the basis for investigations of quantum turbulence in two-dimensional fluids of light.

DOI: 10.1038/s41566-023-01174-4

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41566-023-01174-4