清华大学物理系金奇奂教授课题组与英国伦敦帝国理工学院的M.S.Kim以及意大利佛罗伦萨大学的Leonardo Banchi等人合作，提出了一种具有捕获离子的可伸缩和可编程声子网络。相关成果于2023年2月27日在国际权威学术期刊《自然—物理学》上发表。

该团队展示了一个最小损失的可编程声子网络，可以确定性地制备和检测任何声子状态。研究人员实现了多达4个集体振动模式的网络，可扩展以显示量子优势。他们使用具有固定总声子数的任意多模态对示例层析算法的网络性能进行基准测试，获得了对单声子态和双声子态的高重建保真度。这项实验展示了一条明确的路径，以扩展到一个声子网络，用于量子信息处理，能够超越经典和光子系统的限制。

据悉，通过利用分束器和相移器将玻色子网络演化到不同模式之间，已经成功验证了量子计算的优势。虽然这样的网络大多是通过使用光子在光学系统中实现，但最近已经探索了替代方案，以解决光子系统中的主要限制，如光子损失。而被捕获离子振动模式(声子)的量子化激发是实现这种玻色子网络的有前途的候选方案。

附：英文原文

Title: Scalable and programmable phononic network with trapped ions

Author: Chen, Wentao, Lu, Yao, Zhang, Shuaining, Zhang, Kuan, Huang, Guanhao, Qiao, Mu, Su, Xiaolu, Zhang, Jialiang, Zhang, Jing-Ning, Banchi, Leonardo, Kim, M. S., Kim, Kihwan

Issue&Volume: 2023-02-27

Abstract: A network of bosons evolving among different modes while passing through beam splitters and phase shifters has been applied to demonstrate quantum computational advantage. While such networks have mostly been implemented in optical systems using photons, alternative realizations addressing major limitations in photonic systems such as photon loss have been explored recently. Quantized excitations of vibrational modes (phonons) of trapped ions are a promising candidate to realize such bosonic networks. Here, we demonstrate a minimal-loss programmable phononic network in which any phononic state can be deterministically prepared and detected. We realize networks with up to four collective vibrational modes, which can be extended to reveal quantum advantage. We benchmark the performance of the network for an exemplary tomography algorithm using arbitrary multi-mode states with fixed total phonon number. We obtain high reconstruction fidelities for both single- and two-phonon states. Our experiment demonstrates a clear pathway to scale up a phononic network for quantum information processing beyond the limitations of classical and photonic systems.

DOI: 10.1038/s41567-023-01952-5

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41567-023-01952-5