清华大学 Li Wei研究小组发现了热带潮湿森林退化导致变暖的生物物理和生物地球化学反馈。相关论文于2023年3月2日发表于国际顶尖学术期刊《自然—地球科学》杂志上。
课题组使用2010年高分辨率遥感数据，估算了热带潮湿森林退化引起的生物物理和生物地球化学温度变化。退化森林，包括烧毁森林、孤立森林、边缘森林和其他退化森林，占热带潮湿森林总面积的24.1%。退化的热带潮湿林地表温度高于附近完好的森林地表温度，导致热带地区升温增0.022±0.014摄氏度。退化森林累积碳赤字达到6.1±2.0 PgC，相当于0.026±0.013°C的生物地球化学变暖效应。1990 - 2010年人为干扰引起的森林退化引起的日间变暖效应为0.018±0.008，碳赤字为2.3±0.8 PgC。这些数值与森林砍伐造成的数值处于同一数量级。研究结果强调了在有关减少森林退化和恢复热带森林的缓解承诺中，考虑生物物理和生物地球化学综合影响的重要性。
据悉，在过去几十年里，热带森林经历了大规模的森林砍伐和退化，但退化造成的面积和碳损失可能比森林砍伐造成的损失更大。退化的森林还会对气候产生生物物理反馈，因为它们从蒸散中获得的冷却较少。
附：英文原文
Title: Comparable biophysical and biogeochemical feedbacks on warming from tropical moist forest degradation
Author: Zhu, Lei, Li, Wei, Ciais, Philippe, He, Jiaying, Cescatti, Alessandro, Santoro, Maurizio, Tanaka, Katsumasa, Cartus, Oliver, Zhao, Zhe, Xu, Yidi, Sun, Minxuan, Wang, Jingmeng
Issue&Volume: 2023-03-02
Abstract: Tropical forests have undergone extensive deforestation and degradation during the past few decades, but the area and the carbon loss due to degradation could be larger than the losses from deforestation. Degraded forests also induce biophysical feedback on climate, as they sustain less cooling from evapotranspiration. Here we estimate the biophysical and biogeochemical temperature changes caused by tropical moist forest degradation using high-resolution remote sensing data from 2010. Degraded forests, including burned, isolated, edge and other degraded forests, account for 24.1% of the total tropical moist forest area. The land surface temperature of degraded tropical moist forests is higher than that of nearby intact forests, leading to a warming effect of 0.022±0.014°C over the tropics. The cumulative carbon deficit of degraded forests reaches 6.1±2.0 PgC, equivalent to a biogeochemical warming effect of 0.026±0.013°C. Forest degradation caused by anthropogenic disturbances from 1990 to 2010 induces a daytime warming effect of 0.018±0.008°C and a carbon deficit of 2.3±0.8 PgC. These values are of the same order of magnitude as those due to deforestation. Our results emphasize the importance of accounting for the combined biophysical and biogeochemical effects in mitigation pledges related to reducing forest degradation and the restoration of tropical forest.
DOI: 10.1038/s41561-023-01137-y
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41561-023-01137-y