中国农业科学院作物科学研究所刁现民、汤沙课题组合作利用泛基因组分析揭示了与黍(Panicum miliaceum L.)驯化性状相关的基因组变异。该研究于2023年11月30日发表于国际一流学术期刊《自然—遗传学》杂志上。

他们介绍了516个世界范围内不同种类谷子基因组的遗传变异、群体结构和多样性。种群分析表明，驯化谷子起源于中国的野生祖先。然后，他们基于32个代表性材料的长读从头基因组组装构建了基于图谱的高粱泛基因组。他们的分析表明，结构变异与转座元件高度相关，当转座元件位于编码区或调控区时，会影响基因表达。

他们还发现了与31个关键驯化和农艺性状相关的139个位点，包括候选基因和穗型结构的优越单倍型，如LG1。因此，该研究结果为开发基因组辅助育种计划提供了基础资源。

据了解，黍是一种孤儿作物，具有提高谷物产量和质量，确保粮食安全的潜力。

附：英文原文

Title: Pangenome analysis reveals genomic variations associated with domestication traits in broomcorn millet

Author: Chen, Jinfeng, Liu, Yang, Liu, Minxuan, Guo, Wenlei, Wang, Yongqiang, He, Qiang, Chen, Weiyao, Liao, Yi, Zhang, Wei, Gao, Yuanzhu, Dong, Kongjun, Ren, Ruiyu, Yang, Tianyu, Zhang, Liyuan, Qi, Mingyu, Li, Zhiguang, Zhao, Min, Wang, Haigang, Wang, Junjie, Qiao, Zhijun, Li, Haiquan, Jiang, Yanmiao, Liu, Guoqing, Song, Xiaoqiang, Deng, Yarui, Li, Hai, Yan, Feng, Dong, Yang, Li, Qingquan, Li, Tao, Yang, Wenyao, Cui, Jianghui, Wang, Hongru, Zhou, Yongfeng, Zhang, Xiaoming, Jia, Guanqing, Lu, Ping, Zhi, Hui, Tang, Sha, Diao, Xianmin

Issue&Volume: 2023-11-30

Abstract: Broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) is an orphan crop with the potential to improve cereal production and quality, and ensure food security. Here we present the genetic variations, population structure and diversity of a diverse worldwide collection of 516 broomcorn millet genomes. Population analysis indicated that the domesticated broomcorn millet originated from its wild progenitor in China. We then constructed a graph-based pangenome of broomcorn millet based on long-read de novo genome assemblies of 32 representative accessions. Our analysis revealed that the structural variations were highly associated with transposable elements, which influenced gene expression when located in the coding or regulatory regions. We also identified 139 loci associated with 31 key domestication and agronomic traits, including candidate genes and superior haplotypes, such as LG1, for panicle architecture. Thus, the study’s findings provide foundational resources for developing genomics-assisted breeding programs in broomcorn millet.

DOI: 10.1038/s41588-023-01571-z

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41588-023-01571-z