美国圣路易斯华盛顿大学Gwendalyn J. Randolph团队发现，人类浆膜腔巨噬细胞和树突状细胞在小鼠体内有对应的细胞，而且在不同物种之间分布不同。2023年12月15日，国际知名学术期刊《自然—免疫学》在线发表了这一成果。

研究人员发现无论年龄大小，人体腹膜中的GATA6⁺巨噬细胞都很少见。相反，更多的人类腹膜巨噬细胞与小鼠CD206⁺ LYVE1⁺ 腔巨噬细胞一致，后者代表了GATA6表达之前的分化阶段。以高脂肪饮食喂养的C57BL/6J小鼠和野生捕获的小鼠体内的CD206⁺巨噬细胞数量较少，这表明人类和小鼠浆膜腔巨噬细胞之间的差异不是环境因素造成的。

依赖于IRF4的小鼠浆膜腔巨噬细胞与人类CD1c⁺ CD14⁺ CD64⁺ 腹膜细胞非常相似，而后者又与人类腹膜CD1c⁺ CD14^- CD64^- cDC2相似。因此，人和小鼠浆膜腔内驻留的单核吞噬细胞的主要群体具有共同特征，但不同巨噬细胞分化阶段的比例在两个物种之间存在很大差异，DC2样细胞在人类中尤为突出。

据悉，在小鼠腹膜腔和其他浆膜腔中，转录因子GATA6驱动着主要的腔内巨噬细胞群体的特性，而较小的腔内巨噬细胞亚群则依赖于转录因子IRF4。

附：英文原文

Title: Human serous cavity macrophages and dendritic cells possess counterparts in the mouse with a distinct distribution between species

Author: Han, Jichang, Gallerand, Alexandre, Erlich, Emma C., Helmink, Beth A., Mair, Iris, Li, Xin, Eckhouse, Shaina R., Dimou, Francesca M., Shakhsheer, Baddr A., Phelps, Hannah M., Chan, Mandy M., Mintz, Rachel L., Lee, Daniel D., Schilling, Joel D., Finlay, Conor M., Allen, Judith E., Jakubzick, Claudia V., Else, Kathryn J., Onufer, Emily J., Zhang, Nan, Randolph, Gwendalyn J.

Issue&Volume: 2023-12-15

Abstract: In mouse peritoneal and other serous cavities, the transcription factor GATA6 drives the identity of the major cavity resident population of macrophages, with a smaller subset of cavity-resident macrophages dependent on the transcription factor IRF4. Here we showed that GATA6+ macrophages in the human peritoneum were rare, regardless of age. Instead, more human peritoneal macrophages aligned with mouse CD206+ LYVE1+ cavity macrophages that represent a differentiation stage just preceding expression of GATA6. A low abundance of CD206+ macrophages was retained in C57BL/6J mice fed a high-fat diet and in wild-captured mice, suggesting that differences between serous cavity-resident macrophages in humans and mice were not environmental. IRF4-dependent mouse serous cavity macrophages aligned closely with human CD1c+CD14+CD64+ peritoneal cells, which, in turn, resembled human peritoneal CD1c+CD14CD64 cDC2. Thus, major populations of serous cavity-resident mononuclear phagocytes in humans and mice shared common features, but the proportions of different macrophage differentiation stages greatly differ between the two species, and dendritic cell (DC2)-like cells were especially prominent in humans.

DOI: 10.1038/s41590-023-01688-7

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41590-023-01688-7