近日，美国哈佛大学的Noah Miller及其研究小组取得一项新进展。经过不懈努力，他们对BFSS矩阵模型中的软引力子进行研究。相关研究成果已于2023年11月24日在国际知名学术期刊《高能物理杂志》上发表。

据悉，Banks、Fischler、Shenker和Susskind（简称BFSS）共同提出了一种理论，即描述N个非相对论性D0膜的矩阵量子力学的渐近平直M理论，并认为该理论与大N极限之间存在对偶关系。最近，有关量子引力理论在渐近平直空间中软对称性的新见解被应用于BFSS矩阵模型中。

在这项工作中，研究人员证明了软引力子是通过在大N-M理论的极限条件下，通过维持恒定秩的子矩阵来实现的，这一实现方式与硬引力子通常采用的N线性标度方法有所区别。软展开的过程与大N展开等同，而软定理则成为描述这类子矩阵激发的量子力学散射的通用公式。该公式被证实为矩阵模型中大型IIA U(1)_RR渐近规范对称的Ward恒等式，其渐近边界位于未来和过去的类时间无穷远处。

附：英文原文

Title: Soft gravitons in the BFSS matrix model

Author: Miller, Noah, Strominger, Andrew, Tropper, Adam, Wang, Tianli

Issue&Volume: 2023-11-24

Abstract: BFSS proposed that asymptotically flat M-theory is dual to a large N limit of the matrix quantum mechanics describing N nonrelativistic D0-branes. Recent insights on the soft symmetries of any quantum theory of gravity in asymptotically flat space are applied to the BFSS matrix model. It is shown that soft gravitons are realized by submatrices whose rank is held fixed in the large N M-theory limit, rather than the usual linear scaling with N for hard gravitons. The soft expansion is identified with the large N expansion and the soft theorem becomes a universal formula for the quantum mechanical scattering of such submatrix excitations. This formula is shown to be the Ward identity of large type IIA U(1)_RR asymptotic gauge symmetry in the matrix model, whose asymptotic boundaries are at future and past timelike infinity.

DOI: 10.1007/JHEP11(2023)174

Source: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/JHEP11(2023)174