美国洛克菲勒大学Amy E. Shyer和Alan R. Rodrigues研究组合作发现相互作用的细胞-细胞外基质 (ECM)动力学在自发滤泡模式下产生超细胞流动性。相关论文发表在2022年5月11日出版的《细胞》杂志上。

他们仅使用新鲜分离的禽类真皮细胞和胶原蛋白在体外重建卵泡模式的启动。他们发现收缩细胞在物理上重新排列ECM，并且 ECM 重排进一步排列细胞。这种交换将一个机械上未连接的真皮细胞集合体转变为一个连续体，具有连贯的、长程的顺序。将理论与实验相结合，他们表明这种有序的细胞-ECM 层表现为一种主动的收缩液，可以自发地形成规则的模式。他们的研究说明了间充质动力学在通过流体不稳定性产生细胞水平排序和组织水平模式中的作用——这些过程可能在形态对称破坏环境中发挥作用。

据悉，在脊椎动物胚胎发生过程中，细胞集合体参与协调行为以形成越来越复杂的组织结构。在禽类皮肤中，毛囊的组装取决于真皮的内在机械力，但细胞力学如何启动模式形成尚不清楚。

附：英文原文

Title: Reciprocal cell-ECM dynamics generate supracellular fluidity underlying spontaneous follicle patterning

Author: Karl H. Palmquist, Sydney F. Tiemann, Farrah L. Ezzeddine, Sichen Yang, Charlotte R. Pfeifer, Anna Erzberger, Alan R. Rodrigues, Amy E. Shyer

Issue&Volume: 2022-05-11

Abstract: During vertebrate embryogenesis, cell collectives engage in coordinated behavior toform tissue structures of increasing complexity. In the avian skin, assembly intofollicles depends on intrinsic mechanical forces of the dermis, but how cell mechanicsinitiate pattern formation is not known. Here, we reconstitute the initiation of folliclepatterning ex vivo using only freshly dissociated avian dermal cells and collagen. We find that contractilecells physically rearrange the extracellular matrix (ECM) and that ECM rearrangementfurther aligns cells. This exchange transforms a mechanically unlinked collectiveof dermal cells into a continuum, with coherent, long-range order. Combining theorywith experiment, we show that this ordered cell-ECM layer behaves as an active contractilefluid that spontaneously forms regular patterns. Our study illustrates a role formesenchymal dynamics in generating cell-level ordering and tissue-level patterningthrough a fluid instability—processes that may be at play across morphological symmetry-breakingcontexts.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.04.023

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(22)00470-6