当前位置:科学网首页 > 小柯机器人 >详情
德国一个世纪的植物生物多样性变化损失大于收益
作者:小柯机器人 发布时间:2022/10/23 14:50:14

德国哈勒-维腾贝格大学Helge Bruelheide等研究人员发现,在德国一个世纪的植物生物多样性变化中损失大于收益。2022年10月19日,《自然》杂志在线发表了这项成果。

研究人员表示,对生物多样性数据的长期分析突出了一个“生物多样性保护悖论”:生物群落在过去的一个世纪里显示了大量的物种更替,但物种丰富度的变化却微不足道。然而,大多数研究都只关注物种的发生率,而没有考虑当地丰度的变化。

研究人员质疑,分析植物物种覆盖率的变化是否可以揭示以前没有认识到的生物多样性变化模式,并提供对基本机制的见解。研究人员汇编并分析了德国7738个永久性和半永久性植被地块的数据集,这些地块从1927年到2020年被调查了2到54次,总共包括1794种维管植物。研究人员发现,从所有物种和地块的平均值来看,覆盖度下降比增加更频繁;覆盖度下降的物种数量高于增加的物种数量;覆盖度下降在失败者中的分布比在成功者中的分布更平均。

空白模型模拟证实,这些趋势不是偶然出现的,而是环境变化对特定物种产生负面影响的结果。从长远来看,这些趋势可能会在地方和区域范围内导致物种的大量损失。对各十年的变化进行总结表明,早在20世纪60年代,失败者和成功者在物种覆盖率平均变化方面的不平等就出现了分歧。研究人员的结论是,群落中物种覆盖率的变化代表了生物多样性变化的一个重要但未被充分研究的层面,应该在时间序列分析中更多地考虑这个问题。

附:英文原文

Title: More losses than gains during one century of plant biodiversity change in Germany

Author: Jandt, Ute, Bruelheide, Helge, Jansen, Florian, Bonn, Aletta, Grescho, Volker, Klenke, Reinhard A., Sabatini, Francesco Maria, Bernhardt-Rmermann, Markus, Blml, Volker, Dengler, Jrgen, Diekmann, Martin, Doerfler, Inken, Dring, Ute, Dullinger, Stefan, Haider, Sylvia, Heinken, Thilo, Horchler, Peter, Kuhn, Gisbert, Lindner, Martin, Metze, Katrin, Mller, Norbert, Naaf, Tobias, Peppler-Lisbach, Cord, Poschlod, Peter, Roscher, Christiane, Rosenthal, Gert, Rumpf, Sabine B., Schmidt, Wolfgang, Schrautzer, Joachim, Schwabe, Angelika, Schwartze, Peter, Sperle, Thomas, Stanik, Nils, Storm, Christian, Voigt, Winfried, Wegener, Uwe, Wesche, Karsten, Wittig, Burghard, Wulf, Monika

Issue&Volume: 2022-10-19

Abstract: Long-term analyses of biodiversity data highlight a ‘biodiversity conservation paradox’: biological communities show substantial species turnover over the past century1,2, but changes in species richness are marginal1,3,4,5. Most studies, however, have focused only on the incidence of species, and have not considered changes in local abundance. Here we asked whether analysing changes in the cover of plant species could reveal previously unrecognized patterns of biodiversity change and provide insights into the underlying mechanisms. We compiled and analysed a dataset of 7,738 permanent and semi-permanent vegetation plots from Germany that were surveyed between 2 and 54 times from 1927 to 2020, in total comprising 1,794 species of vascular plants. We found that decrements in cover, averaged across all species and plots, occurred more often than increments; that the number of species that decreased in cover was higher than the number of species that increased; and that decrements were more equally distributed among losers than were gains among winners. Null model simulations confirmed that these trends do not emerge by chance, but are the consequence of species-specific negative effects of environmental changes. In the long run, these trends might result in substantial losses of species at both local and regional scales. Summarizing the changes by decade shows that the inequality in the mean change in species cover of losers and winners diverged as early as the 1960s. We conclude that changes in species cover in communities represent an important but understudied dimension of biodiversity change that should more routinely be considered in time-series analyses.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05320-w

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-05320-w

期刊信息

Nature:《自然》,创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团,最新IF:43.07
官方网址:http://www.nature.com/
投稿链接:http://www.nature.com/authors/submit_manuscript.html