美国加利福尼亚大学Eric J. Huang和Arturo Alvarez-Buylla课题组合作发现分裂的神经母细胞巢维持着发育中的人类大脑中间神经元的产生。2022年1月28日出版的《科学》杂志发表了这项成果。

他们发现人类内侧神经节隆起 (hMGE) 包含具有超微结构和转录组学特征的增殖性成神经细胞巢，这些特征将它们与 hMGE 中的其他祖细胞区分开来。当分离的 hMGE 细胞被移植到新生小鼠大脑中时，它们会重新形成含有增殖神经母细胞的巢穴，这些神经母细胞会产生年轻的神经元，这些神经元广泛迁移到小鼠前脑并成熟为不同亚型的功能性中间神经元。总之，这些结果表明 hMGE 中神经母细胞的巢状组织和持续增殖为人类前脑中间神经元的扩展产生提供了一种机制。

据了解，人类皮层含有来自MGE的抑制性中间神经元，这是胚胎腹侧前脑的一个生发区。这个生发区如何为人类大脑产生足够的中间神经元仍不清楚。

附：英文原文

Title: Nests of dividing neuroblasts sustain interneuron production for the developing human brain

Author: Mercedes F. Paredes, Cristina Mora, Quetzal Flores-Ramirez, Arantxa Cebrian-Silla, Ashley Del Dosso, Phil Larimer, Jiapei Chen, Gugene Kang, Susana Gonzalez Granero, Eric Garcia, Julia Chu, Ryan Delgado, Jennifer A. Cotter, Vivian Tang, Julien Spatazza, Kirsten Obernier, Jaime Ferrer Lozano, Maximo Vento, Julia Scott, Colin Studholme, Tomasz J. Nowakowski, Arnold R. Kriegstein, Michael C. Oldham, Andrea Hasenstaub, Jose Manuel Garcia-Verdugo, Arturo Alvarez-Buylla, Eric J. Huang

Issue&Volume: 2022-01-28

Abstract: The human cortex contains inhibitory interneurons derived from the medial ganglionic eminence (MGE), a germinal zone in the embryonic ventral forebrain. How this germinal zone generates sufficient interneurons for the human brain remains unclear. We found that the human MGE (hMGE) contains nests of proliferative neuroblasts with ultrastructural and transcriptomic features that distinguish them from other progenitors in the hMGE. When dissociated hMGE cells are transplanted into the neonatal mouse brain, they reform into nests containing proliferating neuroblasts that generate young neurons that migrate extensively into the mouse forebrain and mature into different subtypes of functional interneurons. Together, these results indicate that the nest organization and sustained proliferation of neuroblasts in the hMGE provide a mechanism for the extended production of interneurons for the human forebrain.

DOI: abk2346

Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abk2346