美国洛克菲勒大学Robert B. Darnell团队研究了SARS-CoV-2变异株引发的疫苗突破性感染。2021年4月21日，该研究发表在《新英格兰医学杂志》上。

SARS-CoV-2的新变异引起临床关注。在417名至少2周前接种第二针BNT162b2（辉瑞-BioNTech）或mRNA-1273（Moderna）疫苗的人群中，研究组发现有2名女性发生疫苗突破性感染。

尽管有证据表明疫苗对这两名女性有效，但她们仍出现了新冠病毒病的症状，通过聚合酶链反应检测，她们的SARS-CoV-2呈阳性。病毒测序显示可能具有临床意义的变异，包括1名女性的E484K突变和两名女性都有的3个突变（T95I、del142-144和D614G）。

这些观察结果表明，成功接种疫苗后以及随后感染变异病毒后，仍存在潜在的患病风险，这为继续努力预防和诊断感染以及确定接种者的变异特征提供了支持。

附：英文原文

Title: Vaccine Breakthrough Infections with SARS-CoV-2 Variants

Author: Ezgi Hacisuleyman, Ph.D.,, Caryn Hale, Ph.D.,, Yuhki Saito, Ph.D.,, Nathalie E. Blachere, Ph.D.,, Marissa Bergh, B.S.N.,, Erin G. Conlon, Ph.D.,, Dennis J. Schaefer-Babajew, Ph.D.,, Justin DaSilva, M.S.,, Frauke Muecksch, Ph.D.,, Christian Gaebler, M.D.,, Richard Lifton, M.D., Ph.D.,, Michel C. Nussenzweig, M.D., Ph.D.,, Theodora Hatziioannou, Ph.D.,, Paul D. Bieniasz, Ph.D.,, and Robert B. Darnell, M.D., Ph.D.

Issue&Volume: 2021-04-21

Abstract:

Emerging variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are of clinical concern. In a cohort of 417 persons who had received the second dose of BNT162b2 (Pfizer–BioNTech) or mRNA-1273 (Moderna) vaccine at least 2 weeks previously, we identified 2 women with vaccine breakthrough infection. Despite evidence of vaccine efficacy in both women, symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 developed, and they tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by polymerase-chain-reaction testing. Viral sequencing revealed variants of likely clinical importance, including E484K in 1 woman and three mutations (T95I, del142–144, and D614G) in both. These observations indicate a potential risk of illness after successful vaccination and subsequent infection with variant virus, and they provide support for continued efforts to prevent and diagnose infection and to characterize variants in vaccinated persons.

DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2105000

Source: https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2105000